LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - fs - fs-writeback.c (source / functions) Hit Total Coverage
Test: gcov_data_raspi2_real_modules_combined.info Lines: 448 735 61.0 %
Date: 2020-09-30 20:25:40 Functions: 49 66 74.2 %
Branches: 239 890 26.9 %

           Branch data     Line data    Source code
       1                 :            : // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
       2                 :            : /*
       3                 :            :  * fs/fs-writeback.c
       4                 :            :  *
       5                 :            :  * Copyright (C) 2002, Linus Torvalds.
       6                 :            :  *
       7                 :            :  * Contains all the functions related to writing back and waiting
       8                 :            :  * upon dirty inodes against superblocks, and writing back dirty
       9                 :            :  * pages against inodes.  ie: data writeback.  Writeout of the
      10                 :            :  * inode itself is not handled here.
      11                 :            :  *
      12                 :            :  * 10Apr2002    Andrew Morton
      13                 :            :  *              Split out of fs/inode.c
      14                 :            :  *              Additions for address_space-based writeback
      15                 :            :  */
      16                 :            : 
      17                 :            : #include <linux/kernel.h>
      18                 :            : #include <linux/export.h>
      19                 :            : #include <linux/spinlock.h>
      20                 :            : #include <linux/slab.h>
      21                 :            : #include <linux/sched.h>
      22                 :            : #include <linux/fs.h>
      23                 :            : #include <linux/mm.h>
      24                 :            : #include <linux/pagemap.h>
      25                 :            : #include <linux/kthread.h>
      26                 :            : #include <linux/writeback.h>
      27                 :            : #include <linux/blkdev.h>
      28                 :            : #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
      29                 :            : #include <linux/tracepoint.h>
      30                 :            : #include <linux/device.h>
      31                 :            : #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
      32                 :            : #include "internal.h"
      33                 :            : 
      34                 :            : /*
      35                 :            :  * 4MB minimal write chunk size
      36                 :            :  */
      37                 :            : #define MIN_WRITEBACK_PAGES     (4096UL >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10))
      38                 :            : 
      39                 :            : /*
      40                 :            :  * Passed into wb_writeback(), essentially a subset of writeback_control
      41                 :            :  */
      42                 :            : struct wb_writeback_work {
      43                 :            :         long nr_pages;
      44                 :            :         struct super_block *sb;
      45                 :            :         unsigned long *older_than_this;
      46                 :            :         enum writeback_sync_modes sync_mode;
      47                 :            :         unsigned int tagged_writepages:1;
      48                 :            :         unsigned int for_kupdate:1;
      49                 :            :         unsigned int range_cyclic:1;
      50                 :            :         unsigned int for_background:1;
      51                 :            :         unsigned int for_sync:1;        /* sync(2) WB_SYNC_ALL writeback */
      52                 :            :         unsigned int auto_free:1;       /* free on completion */
      53                 :            :         enum wb_reason reason;          /* why was writeback initiated? */
      54                 :            : 
      55                 :            :         struct list_head list;          /* pending work list */
      56                 :            :         struct wb_completion *done;     /* set if the caller waits */
      57                 :            : };
      58                 :            : 
      59                 :            : /*
      60                 :            :  * If an inode is constantly having its pages dirtied, but then the
      61                 :            :  * updates stop dirtytime_expire_interval seconds in the past, it's
      62                 :            :  * possible for the worst case time between when an inode has its
      63                 :            :  * timestamps updated and when they finally get written out to be two
      64                 :            :  * dirtytime_expire_intervals.  We set the default to 12 hours (in
      65                 :            :  * seconds), which means most of the time inodes will have their
      66                 :            :  * timestamps written to disk after 12 hours, but in the worst case a
      67                 :            :  * few inodes might not their timestamps updated for 24 hours.
      68                 :            :  */
      69                 :            : unsigned int dirtytime_expire_interval = 12 * 60 * 60;
      70                 :            : 
      71                 :            : static inline struct inode *wb_inode(struct list_head *head)
      72                 :            : {
      73                 :      44130 :         return list_entry(head, struct inode, i_io_list);
      74                 :            : }
      75                 :            : 
      76                 :            : /*
      77                 :            :  * Include the creation of the trace points after defining the
      78                 :            :  * wb_writeback_work structure and inline functions so that the definition
      79                 :            :  * remains local to this file.
      80                 :            :  */
      81                 :            : #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
      82                 :            : #include <trace/events/writeback.h>
      83                 :            : 
      84                 :            : EXPORT_TRACEPOINT_SYMBOL_GPL(wbc_writepage);
      85                 :            : 
      86                 :     250145 : static bool wb_io_lists_populated(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
      87                 :            : {
      88         [ +  + ]:     250145 :         if (wb_has_dirty_io(wb)) {
      89                 :            :                 return false;
      90                 :            :         } else {
      91                 :        788 :                 set_bit(WB_has_dirty_io, &wb->state);
      92   [ -  +  #  # ]:        788 :                 WARN_ON_ONCE(!wb->avg_write_bandwidth);
      93                 :       1576 :                 atomic_long_add(wb->avg_write_bandwidth,
      94                 :        788 :                                 &wb->bdi->tot_write_bandwidth);
      95                 :        788 :                 return true;
      96                 :            :         }
      97                 :            : }
      98                 :            : 
      99                 :      65851 : static void wb_io_lists_depopulated(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
     100                 :            : {
     101   [ +  -  +  +  :     155008 :         if (wb_has_dirty_io(wb) && list_empty(&wb->b_dirty) &&
                   +  + ]
     102         [ +  - ]:      24054 :             list_empty(&wb->b_io) && list_empty(&wb->b_more_io)) {
     103                 :        374 :                 clear_bit(WB_has_dirty_io, &wb->state);
     104   [ -  +  #  # ]:        748 :                 WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_long_sub_return(wb->avg_write_bandwidth,
     105                 :            :                                         &wb->bdi->tot_write_bandwidth) < 0);
     106                 :            :         }
     107                 :      65851 : }
     108                 :            : 
     109                 :            : /**
     110                 :            :  * inode_io_list_move_locked - move an inode onto a bdi_writeback IO list
     111                 :            :  * @inode: inode to be moved
     112                 :            :  * @wb: target bdi_writeback
     113                 :            :  * @head: one of @wb->b_{dirty|io|more_io|dirty_time}
     114                 :            :  *
     115                 :            :  * Move @inode->i_io_list to @list of @wb and set %WB_has_dirty_io.
     116                 :            :  * Returns %true if @inode is the first occupant of the !dirty_time IO
     117                 :            :  * lists; otherwise, %false.
     118                 :            :  */
     119                 :     248171 : static bool inode_io_list_move_locked(struct inode *inode,
     120                 :            :                                       struct bdi_writeback *wb,
     121                 :            :                                       struct list_head *head)
     122                 :            : {
     123         [ -  + ]:     248171 :         assert_spin_locked(&wb->list_lock);
     124                 :            : 
     125                 :     248171 :         list_move(&inode->i_io_list, head);
     126                 :            : 
     127                 :            :         /* dirty_time doesn't count as dirty_io until expiration */
     128         [ +  - ]:     248171 :         if (head != &wb->b_dirty_time)
     129                 :     248171 :                 return wb_io_lists_populated(wb);
     130                 :            : 
     131                 :          0 :         wb_io_lists_depopulated(wb);
     132                 :          0 :         return false;
     133                 :            : }
     134                 :            : 
     135                 :            : /**
     136                 :            :  * inode_io_list_del_locked - remove an inode from its bdi_writeback IO list
     137                 :            :  * @inode: inode to be removed
     138                 :            :  * @wb: bdi_writeback @inode is being removed from
     139                 :            :  *
     140                 :            :  * Remove @inode which may be on one of @wb->b_{dirty|io|more_io} lists and
     141                 :            :  * clear %WB_has_dirty_io if all are empty afterwards.
     142                 :            :  */
     143                 :      65851 : static void inode_io_list_del_locked(struct inode *inode,
     144                 :            :                                      struct bdi_writeback *wb)
     145                 :            : {
     146         [ -  + ]:      65851 :         assert_spin_locked(&wb->list_lock);
     147                 :            : 
     148                 :      65851 :         list_del_init(&inode->i_io_list);
     149                 :      65851 :         wb_io_lists_depopulated(wb);
     150                 :      65851 : }
     151                 :            : 
     152                 :        207 : static void wb_wakeup(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
     153                 :            : {
     154                 :            :         spin_lock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
     155         [ +  - ]:        207 :         if (test_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state))
     156                 :        207 :                 mod_delayed_work(bdi_wq, &wb->dwork, 0);
     157                 :            :         spin_unlock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
     158                 :        207 : }
     159                 :            : 
     160                 :        225 : static void finish_writeback_work(struct bdi_writeback *wb,
     161                 :            :                                   struct wb_writeback_work *work)
     162                 :            : {
     163                 :        225 :         struct wb_completion *done = work->done;
     164                 :            : 
     165         [ +  - ]:        225 :         if (work->auto_free)
     166                 :        225 :                 kfree(work);
     167         [ +  - ]:        225 :         if (done) {
     168                 :        225 :                 wait_queue_head_t *waitq = done->waitq;
     169                 :            : 
     170                 :            :                 /* @done can't be accessed after the following dec */
     171         [ +  - ]:        450 :                 if (atomic_dec_and_test(&done->cnt))
     172                 :        225 :                         wake_up_all(waitq);
     173                 :            :         }
     174                 :        225 : }
     175                 :            : 
     176                 :        225 : static void wb_queue_work(struct bdi_writeback *wb,
     177                 :            :                           struct wb_writeback_work *work)
     178                 :            : {
     179                 :        225 :         trace_writeback_queue(wb, work);
     180                 :            : 
     181         [ +  - ]:        225 :         if (work->done)
     182                 :        225 :                 atomic_inc(&work->done->cnt);
     183                 :            : 
     184                 :            :         spin_lock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
     185                 :            : 
     186         [ +  - ]:        225 :         if (test_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state)) {
     187                 :        225 :                 list_add_tail(&work->list, &wb->work_list);
     188                 :        225 :                 mod_delayed_work(bdi_wq, &wb->dwork, 0);
     189                 :            :         } else
     190                 :          0 :                 finish_writeback_work(wb, work);
     191                 :            : 
     192                 :            :         spin_unlock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
     193                 :        225 : }
     194                 :            : 
     195                 :            : /**
     196                 :            :  * wb_wait_for_completion - wait for completion of bdi_writeback_works
     197                 :            :  * @done: target wb_completion
     198                 :            :  *
     199                 :            :  * Wait for one or more work items issued to @bdi with their ->done field
     200                 :            :  * set to @done, which should have been initialized with
     201                 :            :  * DEFINE_WB_COMPLETION().  This function returns after all such work items
     202                 :            :  * are completed.  Work items which are waited upon aren't freed
     203                 :            :  * automatically on completion.
     204                 :            :  */
     205                 :        414 : void wb_wait_for_completion(struct wb_completion *done)
     206                 :            : {
     207                 :        414 :         atomic_dec(&done->cnt);          /* put down the initial count */
     208   [ +  +  +  + ]:       1278 :         wait_event(*done->waitq, !atomic_read(&done->cnt));
     209                 :        414 : }
     210                 :            : 
     211                 :            : #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
     212                 :            : 
     213                 :            : /*
     214                 :            :  * Parameters for foreign inode detection, see wbc_detach_inode() to see
     215                 :            :  * how they're used.
     216                 :            :  *
     217                 :            :  * These paramters are inherently heuristical as the detection target
     218                 :            :  * itself is fuzzy.  All we want to do is detaching an inode from the
     219                 :            :  * current owner if it's being written to by some other cgroups too much.
     220                 :            :  *
     221                 :            :  * The current cgroup writeback is built on the assumption that multiple
     222                 :            :  * cgroups writing to the same inode concurrently is very rare and a mode
     223                 :            :  * of operation which isn't well supported.  As such, the goal is not
     224                 :            :  * taking too long when a different cgroup takes over an inode while
     225                 :            :  * avoiding too aggressive flip-flops from occasional foreign writes.
     226                 :            :  *
     227                 :            :  * We record, very roughly, 2s worth of IO time history and if more than
     228                 :            :  * half of that is foreign, trigger the switch.  The recording is quantized
     229                 :            :  * to 16 slots.  To avoid tiny writes from swinging the decision too much,
     230                 :            :  * writes smaller than 1/8 of avg size are ignored.
     231                 :            :  */
     232                 :            : #define WB_FRN_TIME_SHIFT       13      /* 1s = 2^13, upto 8 secs w/ 16bit */
     233                 :            : #define WB_FRN_TIME_AVG_SHIFT   3       /* avg = avg * 7/8 + new * 1/8 */
     234                 :            : #define WB_FRN_TIME_CUT_DIV     8       /* ignore rounds < avg / 8 */
     235                 :            : #define WB_FRN_TIME_PERIOD      (2 * (1 << WB_FRN_TIME_SHIFT))    /* 2s */
     236                 :            : 
     237                 :            : #define WB_FRN_HIST_SLOTS       16      /* inode->i_wb_frn_history is 16bit */
     238                 :            : #define WB_FRN_HIST_UNIT        (WB_FRN_TIME_PERIOD / WB_FRN_HIST_SLOTS)
     239                 :            :                                         /* each slot's duration is 2s / 16 */
     240                 :            : #define WB_FRN_HIST_THR_SLOTS   (WB_FRN_HIST_SLOTS / 2)
     241                 :            :                                         /* if foreign slots >= 8, switch */
     242                 :            : #define WB_FRN_HIST_MAX_SLOTS   (WB_FRN_HIST_THR_SLOTS / 2 + 1)
     243                 :            :                                         /* one round can affect upto 5 slots */
     244                 :            : #define WB_FRN_MAX_IN_FLIGHT    1024    /* don't queue too many concurrently */
     245                 :            : 
     246                 :            : static atomic_t isw_nr_in_flight = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
     247                 :            : static struct workqueue_struct *isw_wq;
     248                 :            : 
     249                 :     368975 : void __inode_attach_wb(struct inode *inode, struct page *page)
     250                 :            : {
     251                 :     368975 :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = inode_to_bdi(inode);
     252                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb = NULL;
     253                 :            : 
     254         [ -  + ]:     368663 :         if (inode_cgwb_enabled(inode)) {
     255                 :            :                 struct cgroup_subsys_state *memcg_css;
     256                 :            : 
     257         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (page) {
     258                 :          0 :                         memcg_css = mem_cgroup_css_from_page(page);
     259                 :          0 :                         wb = wb_get_create(bdi, memcg_css, GFP_ATOMIC);
     260                 :            :                 } else {
     261                 :            :                         /* must pin memcg_css, see wb_get_create() */
     262                 :          0 :                         memcg_css = task_get_css(current, memory_cgrp_id);
     263                 :          0 :                         wb = wb_get_create(bdi, memcg_css, GFP_ATOMIC);
     264                 :            :                         css_put(memcg_css);
     265                 :            :                 }
     266                 :            :         }
     267                 :            : 
     268         [ +  - ]:     368875 :         if (!wb)
     269                 :     368875 :                 wb = &bdi->wb;
     270                 :            : 
     271                 :            :         /*
     272                 :            :          * There may be multiple instances of this function racing to
     273                 :            :          * update the same inode.  Use cmpxchg() to tell the winner.
     274                 :            :          */
     275         [ -  + ]:     368875 :         if (unlikely(cmpxchg(&inode->i_wb, NULL, wb)))
     276                 :          0 :                 wb_put(wb);
     277                 :     368901 : }
     278                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__inode_attach_wb);
     279                 :            : 
     280                 :            : /**
     281                 :            :  * locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list - determine a locked inode's wb and lock it
     282                 :            :  * @inode: inode of interest with i_lock held
     283                 :            :  *
     284                 :            :  * Returns @inode's wb with its list_lock held.  @inode->i_lock must be
     285                 :            :  * held on entry and is released on return.  The returned wb is guaranteed
     286                 :            :  * to stay @inode's associated wb until its list_lock is released.
     287                 :            :  */
     288                 :            : static struct bdi_writeback *
     289                 :     313139 : locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(struct inode *inode)
     290                 :            :         __releases(&inode->i_lock)
     291                 :            :         __acquires(&wb->list_lock)
     292                 :            : {
     293                 :            :         while (true) {
     294                 :            :                 struct bdi_writeback *wb = inode_to_wb(inode);
     295                 :            : 
     296                 :            :                 /*
     297                 :            :                  * inode_to_wb() association is protected by both
     298                 :            :                  * @inode->i_lock and @wb->list_lock but list_lock nests
     299                 :            :                  * outside i_lock.  Drop i_lock and verify that the
     300                 :            :                  * association hasn't changed after acquiring list_lock.
     301                 :            :                  */
     302                 :            :                 wb_get(wb);
     303                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
     304                 :            :                 spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
     305                 :            : 
     306                 :            :                 /* i_wb may have changed inbetween, can't use inode_to_wb() */
     307         [ +  - ]:     313140 :                 if (likely(wb == inode->i_wb)) {
     308                 :     313140 :                         wb_put(wb);     /* @inode already has ref */
     309                 :     313140 :                         return wb;
     310                 :            :                 }
     311                 :            : 
     312                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
     313                 :          0 :                 wb_put(wb);
     314                 :          0 :                 cpu_relax();
     315                 :            :                 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
     316                 :            :         }
     317                 :            : }
     318                 :            : 
     319                 :            : /**
     320                 :            :  * inode_to_wb_and_lock_list - determine an inode's wb and lock it
     321                 :            :  * @inode: inode of interest
     322                 :            :  *
     323                 :            :  * Same as locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list() but @inode->i_lock isn't held
     324                 :            :  * on entry.
     325                 :            :  */
     326                 :            : static struct bdi_writeback *inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(struct inode *inode)
     327                 :            :         __acquires(&wb->list_lock)
     328                 :            : {
     329                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
     330                 :      66286 :         return locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(inode);
     331                 :            : }
     332                 :            : 
     333                 :            : struct inode_switch_wbs_context {
     334                 :            :         struct inode            *inode;
     335                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback    *new_wb;
     336                 :            : 
     337                 :            :         struct rcu_head         rcu_head;
     338                 :            :         struct work_struct      work;
     339                 :            : };
     340                 :            : 
     341                 :            : static void bdi_down_write_wb_switch_rwsem(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
     342                 :            : {
     343                 :        414 :         down_write(&bdi->wb_switch_rwsem);
     344                 :            : }
     345                 :            : 
     346                 :            : static void bdi_up_write_wb_switch_rwsem(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
     347                 :            : {
     348                 :        414 :         up_write(&bdi->wb_switch_rwsem);
     349                 :            : }
     350                 :            : 
     351                 :          0 : static void inode_switch_wbs_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
     352                 :            : {
     353                 :            :         struct inode_switch_wbs_context *isw =
     354                 :          0 :                 container_of(work, struct inode_switch_wbs_context, work);
     355                 :          0 :         struct inode *inode = isw->inode;
     356                 :          0 :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = inode_to_bdi(inode);
     357                 :          0 :         struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
     358                 :          0 :         struct bdi_writeback *old_wb = inode->i_wb;
     359                 :          0 :         struct bdi_writeback *new_wb = isw->new_wb;
     360                 :          0 :         XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, 0);
     361                 :            :         struct page *page;
     362                 :            :         bool switched = false;
     363                 :            : 
     364                 :            :         /*
     365                 :            :          * If @inode switches cgwb membership while sync_inodes_sb() is
     366                 :            :          * being issued, sync_inodes_sb() might miss it.  Synchronize.
     367                 :            :          */
     368                 :          0 :         down_read(&bdi->wb_switch_rwsem);
     369                 :            : 
     370                 :            :         /*
     371                 :            :          * By the time control reaches here, RCU grace period has passed
     372                 :            :          * since I_WB_SWITCH assertion and all wb stat update transactions
     373                 :            :          * between unlocked_inode_to_wb_begin/end() are guaranteed to be
     374                 :            :          * synchronizing against the i_pages lock.
     375                 :            :          *
     376                 :            :          * Grabbing old_wb->list_lock, inode->i_lock and the i_pages lock
     377                 :            :          * gives us exclusion against all wb related operations on @inode
     378                 :            :          * including IO list manipulations and stat updates.
     379                 :            :          */
     380         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (old_wb < new_wb) {
     381                 :            :                 spin_lock(&old_wb->list_lock);
     382                 :          0 :                 spin_lock_nested(&new_wb->list_lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
     383                 :            :         } else {
     384                 :            :                 spin_lock(&new_wb->list_lock);
     385                 :          0 :                 spin_lock_nested(&old_wb->list_lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
     386                 :            :         }
     387                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
     388                 :            :         xa_lock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
     389                 :            : 
     390                 :            :         /*
     391                 :            :          * Once I_FREEING is visible under i_lock, the eviction path owns
     392                 :            :          * the inode and we shouldn't modify ->i_io_list.
     393                 :            :          */
     394         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (unlikely(inode->i_state & I_FREEING))
     395                 :            :                 goto skip_switch;
     396                 :            : 
     397                 :          0 :         trace_inode_switch_wbs(inode, old_wb, new_wb);
     398                 :            : 
     399                 :            :         /*
     400                 :            :          * Count and transfer stats.  Note that PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY points
     401                 :            :          * to possibly dirty pages while PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK points to
     402                 :            :          * pages actually under writeback.
     403                 :            :          */
     404         [ #  # ]:          0 :         xas_for_each_marked(&xas, page, ULONG_MAX, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY) {
     405         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (PageDirty(page)) {
     406                 :            :                         dec_wb_stat(old_wb, WB_RECLAIMABLE);
     407                 :            :                         inc_wb_stat(new_wb, WB_RECLAIMABLE);
     408                 :            :                 }
     409                 :            :         }
     410                 :            : 
     411                 :            :         xas_set(&xas, 0);
     412         [ #  # ]:          0 :         xas_for_each_marked(&xas, page, ULONG_MAX, PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK) {
     413   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :                 WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageWriteback(page));
     414                 :            :                 dec_wb_stat(old_wb, WB_WRITEBACK);
     415                 :            :                 inc_wb_stat(new_wb, WB_WRITEBACK);
     416                 :            :         }
     417                 :            : 
     418                 :            :         wb_get(new_wb);
     419                 :            : 
     420                 :            :         /*
     421                 :            :          * Transfer to @new_wb's IO list if necessary.  The specific list
     422                 :            :          * @inode was on is ignored and the inode is put on ->b_dirty which
     423                 :            :          * is always correct including from ->b_dirty_time.  The transfer
     424                 :            :          * preserves @inode->dirtied_when ordering.
     425                 :            :          */
     426         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!list_empty(&inode->i_io_list)) {
     427                 :            :                 struct inode *pos;
     428                 :            : 
     429                 :          0 :                 inode_io_list_del_locked(inode, old_wb);
     430                 :          0 :                 inode->i_wb = new_wb;
     431         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 list_for_each_entry(pos, &new_wb->b_dirty, i_io_list)
     432         [ #  # ]:          0 :                         if (time_after_eq(inode->dirtied_when,
     433                 :            :                                           pos->dirtied_when))
     434                 :            :                                 break;
     435                 :          0 :                 inode_io_list_move_locked(inode, new_wb, pos->i_io_list.prev);
     436                 :            :         } else {
     437                 :          0 :                 inode->i_wb = new_wb;
     438                 :            :         }
     439                 :            : 
     440                 :            :         /* ->i_wb_frn updates may race wbc_detach_inode() but doesn't matter */
     441                 :          0 :         inode->i_wb_frn_winner = 0;
     442                 :          0 :         inode->i_wb_frn_avg_time = 0;
     443                 :          0 :         inode->i_wb_frn_history = 0;
     444                 :            :         switched = true;
     445                 :            : skip_switch:
     446                 :            :         /*
     447                 :            :          * Paired with load_acquire in unlocked_inode_to_wb_begin() and
     448                 :            :          * ensures that the new wb is visible if they see !I_WB_SWITCH.
     449                 :            :          */
     450                 :          0 :         smp_store_release(&inode->i_state, inode->i_state & ~I_WB_SWITCH);
     451                 :            : 
     452                 :            :         xa_unlock_irq(&mapping->i_pages);
     453                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
     454                 :            :         spin_unlock(&new_wb->list_lock);
     455                 :            :         spin_unlock(&old_wb->list_lock);
     456                 :            : 
     457                 :          0 :         up_read(&bdi->wb_switch_rwsem);
     458                 :            : 
     459         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (switched) {
     460                 :          0 :                 wb_wakeup(new_wb);
     461                 :          0 :                 wb_put(old_wb);
     462                 :            :         }
     463                 :          0 :         wb_put(new_wb);
     464                 :            : 
     465                 :          0 :         iput(inode);
     466                 :          0 :         kfree(isw);
     467                 :            : 
     468                 :            :         atomic_dec(&isw_nr_in_flight);
     469                 :          0 : }
     470                 :            : 
     471                 :          0 : static void inode_switch_wbs_rcu_fn(struct rcu_head *rcu_head)
     472                 :            : {
     473                 :            :         struct inode_switch_wbs_context *isw = container_of(rcu_head,
     474                 :            :                                 struct inode_switch_wbs_context, rcu_head);
     475                 :            : 
     476                 :            :         /* needs to grab bh-unsafe locks, bounce to work item */
     477                 :          0 :         INIT_WORK(&isw->work, inode_switch_wbs_work_fn);
     478                 :          0 :         queue_work(isw_wq, &isw->work);
     479                 :          0 : }
     480                 :            : 
     481                 :            : /**
     482                 :            :  * inode_switch_wbs - change the wb association of an inode
     483                 :            :  * @inode: target inode
     484                 :            :  * @new_wb_id: ID of the new wb
     485                 :            :  *
     486                 :            :  * Switch @inode's wb association to the wb identified by @new_wb_id.  The
     487                 :            :  * switching is performed asynchronously and may fail silently.
     488                 :            :  */
     489                 :          0 : static void inode_switch_wbs(struct inode *inode, int new_wb_id)
     490                 :            : {
     491                 :          0 :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = inode_to_bdi(inode);
     492                 :            :         struct cgroup_subsys_state *memcg_css;
     493                 :            :         struct inode_switch_wbs_context *isw;
     494                 :            : 
     495                 :            :         /* noop if seems to be already in progress */
     496         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (inode->i_state & I_WB_SWITCH)
     497                 :            :                 return;
     498                 :            : 
     499                 :            :         /* avoid queueing a new switch if too many are already in flight */
     500         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (atomic_read(&isw_nr_in_flight) > WB_FRN_MAX_IN_FLIGHT)
     501                 :            :                 return;
     502                 :            : 
     503                 :          0 :         isw = kzalloc(sizeof(*isw), GFP_ATOMIC);
     504         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!isw)
     505                 :            :                 return;
     506                 :            : 
     507                 :            :         /* find and pin the new wb */
     508                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
     509                 :          0 :         memcg_css = css_from_id(new_wb_id, &memory_cgrp_subsys);
     510         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (memcg_css)
     511                 :          0 :                 isw->new_wb = wb_get_create(bdi, memcg_css, GFP_ATOMIC);
     512                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
     513         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!isw->new_wb)
     514                 :            :                 goto out_free;
     515                 :            : 
     516                 :            :         /* while holding I_WB_SWITCH, no one else can update the association */
     517                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
     518   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :         if (!(inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE) ||
     519         [ #  # ]:          0 :             inode->i_state & (I_WB_SWITCH | I_FREEING) ||
     520                 :          0 :             inode_to_wb(inode) == isw->new_wb) {
     521                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
     522                 :            :                 goto out_free;
     523                 :            :         }
     524                 :          0 :         inode->i_state |= I_WB_SWITCH;
     525                 :          0 :         __iget(inode);
     526                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
     527                 :            : 
     528                 :          0 :         isw->inode = inode;
     529                 :            : 
     530                 :            :         /*
     531                 :            :          * In addition to synchronizing among switchers, I_WB_SWITCH tells
     532                 :            :          * the RCU protected stat update paths to grab the i_page
     533                 :            :          * lock so that stat transfer can synchronize against them.
     534                 :            :          * Let's continue after I_WB_SWITCH is guaranteed to be visible.
     535                 :            :          */
     536                 :          0 :         call_rcu(&isw->rcu_head, inode_switch_wbs_rcu_fn);
     537                 :            : 
     538                 :            :         atomic_inc(&isw_nr_in_flight);
     539                 :            :         return;
     540                 :            : 
     541                 :            : out_free:
     542         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (isw->new_wb)
     543                 :          0 :                 wb_put(isw->new_wb);
     544                 :          0 :         kfree(isw);
     545                 :            : }
     546                 :            : 
     547                 :            : /**
     548                 :            :  * wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode - associate wbc with target inode and unlock it
     549                 :            :  * @wbc: writeback_control of interest
     550                 :            :  * @inode: target inode
     551                 :            :  *
     552                 :            :  * @inode is locked and about to be written back under the control of @wbc.
     553                 :            :  * Record @inode's writeback context into @wbc and unlock the i_lock.  On
     554                 :            :  * writeback completion, wbc_detach_inode() should be called.  This is used
     555                 :            :  * to track the cgroup writeback context.
     556                 :            :  */
     557                 :      41661 : void wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc,
     558                 :            :                                  struct inode *inode)
     559                 :            : {
     560         [ +  - ]:      41661 :         if (!inode_cgwb_enabled(inode)) {
     561                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
     562                 :      41661 :                 return;
     563                 :            :         }
     564                 :            : 
     565                 :          0 :         wbc->wb = inode_to_wb(inode);
     566                 :          0 :         wbc->inode = inode;
     567                 :            : 
     568                 :          0 :         wbc->wb_id = wbc->wb->memcg_css->id;
     569                 :          0 :         wbc->wb_lcand_id = inode->i_wb_frn_winner;
     570                 :          0 :         wbc->wb_tcand_id = 0;
     571                 :          0 :         wbc->wb_bytes = 0;
     572                 :          0 :         wbc->wb_lcand_bytes = 0;
     573                 :          0 :         wbc->wb_tcand_bytes = 0;
     574                 :            : 
     575                 :            :         wb_get(wbc->wb);
     576                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
     577                 :            : 
     578                 :            :         /*
     579                 :            :          * A dying wb indicates that either the blkcg associated with the
     580                 :            :          * memcg changed or the associated memcg is dying.  In the first
     581                 :            :          * case, a replacement wb should already be available and we should
     582                 :            :          * refresh the wb immediately.  In the second case, trying to
     583                 :            :          * refresh will keep failing.
     584                 :            :          */
     585   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :         if (unlikely(wb_dying(wbc->wb) && !css_is_dying(wbc->wb->memcg_css)))
     586                 :          0 :                 inode_switch_wbs(inode, wbc->wb_id);
     587                 :            : }
     588                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode);
     589                 :            : 
     590                 :            : /**
     591                 :            :  * wbc_detach_inode - disassociate wbc from inode and perform foreign detection
     592                 :            :  * @wbc: writeback_control of the just finished writeback
     593                 :            :  *
     594                 :            :  * To be called after a writeback attempt of an inode finishes and undoes
     595                 :            :  * wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode().  Can be called under any context.
     596                 :            :  *
     597                 :            :  * As concurrent write sharing of an inode is expected to be very rare and
     598                 :            :  * memcg only tracks page ownership on first-use basis severely confining
     599                 :            :  * the usefulness of such sharing, cgroup writeback tracks ownership
     600                 :            :  * per-inode.  While the support for concurrent write sharing of an inode
     601                 :            :  * is deemed unnecessary, an inode being written to by different cgroups at
     602                 :            :  * different points in time is a lot more common, and, more importantly,
     603                 :            :  * charging only by first-use can too readily lead to grossly incorrect
     604                 :            :  * behaviors (single foreign page can lead to gigabytes of writeback to be
     605                 :            :  * incorrectly attributed).
     606                 :            :  *
     607                 :            :  * To resolve this issue, cgroup writeback detects the majority dirtier of
     608                 :            :  * an inode and transfers the ownership to it.  To avoid unnnecessary
     609                 :            :  * oscillation, the detection mechanism keeps track of history and gives
     610                 :            :  * out the switch verdict only if the foreign usage pattern is stable over
     611                 :            :  * a certain amount of time and/or writeback attempts.
     612                 :            :  *
     613                 :            :  * On each writeback attempt, @wbc tries to detect the majority writer
     614                 :            :  * using Boyer-Moore majority vote algorithm.  In addition to the byte
     615                 :            :  * count from the majority voting, it also counts the bytes written for the
     616                 :            :  * current wb and the last round's winner wb (max of last round's current
     617                 :            :  * wb, the winner from two rounds ago, and the last round's majority
     618                 :            :  * candidate).  Keeping track of the historical winner helps the algorithm
     619                 :            :  * to semi-reliably detect the most active writer even when it's not the
     620                 :            :  * absolute majority.
     621                 :            :  *
     622                 :            :  * Once the winner of the round is determined, whether the winner is
     623                 :            :  * foreign or not and how much IO time the round consumed is recorded in
     624                 :            :  * inode->i_wb_frn_history.  If the amount of recorded foreign IO time is
     625                 :            :  * over a certain threshold, the switch verdict is given.
     626                 :            :  */
     627                 :      41661 : void wbc_detach_inode(struct writeback_control *wbc)
     628                 :            : {
     629                 :      41661 :         struct bdi_writeback *wb = wbc->wb;
     630                 :      41661 :         struct inode *inode = wbc->inode;
     631                 :            :         unsigned long avg_time, max_bytes, max_time;
     632                 :            :         u16 history;
     633                 :            :         int max_id;
     634                 :            : 
     635         [ -  + ]:      41661 :         if (!wb)
     636                 :      41661 :                 return;
     637                 :            : 
     638                 :          0 :         history = inode->i_wb_frn_history;
     639                 :          0 :         avg_time = inode->i_wb_frn_avg_time;
     640                 :            : 
     641                 :            :         /* pick the winner of this round */
     642   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :         if (wbc->wb_bytes >= wbc->wb_lcand_bytes &&
     643                 :          0 :             wbc->wb_bytes >= wbc->wb_tcand_bytes) {
     644                 :          0 :                 max_id = wbc->wb_id;
     645                 :          0 :                 max_bytes = wbc->wb_bytes;
     646         [ #  # ]:          0 :         } else if (wbc->wb_lcand_bytes >= wbc->wb_tcand_bytes) {
     647                 :          0 :                 max_id = wbc->wb_lcand_id;
     648                 :            :                 max_bytes = wbc->wb_lcand_bytes;
     649                 :            :         } else {
     650                 :          0 :                 max_id = wbc->wb_tcand_id;
     651                 :            :                 max_bytes = wbc->wb_tcand_bytes;
     652                 :            :         }
     653                 :            : 
     654                 :            :         /*
     655                 :            :          * Calculate the amount of IO time the winner consumed and fold it
     656                 :            :          * into the running average kept per inode.  If the consumed IO
     657                 :            :          * time is lower than avag / WB_FRN_TIME_CUT_DIV, ignore it for
     658                 :            :          * deciding whether to switch or not.  This is to prevent one-off
     659                 :            :          * small dirtiers from skewing the verdict.
     660                 :            :          */
     661                 :          0 :         max_time = DIV_ROUND_UP((max_bytes >> PAGE_SHIFT) << WB_FRN_TIME_SHIFT,
     662                 :            :                                 wb->avg_write_bandwidth);
     663         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (avg_time)
     664                 :          0 :                 avg_time += (max_time >> WB_FRN_TIME_AVG_SHIFT) -
     665                 :          0 :                             (avg_time >> WB_FRN_TIME_AVG_SHIFT);
     666                 :            :         else
     667                 :            :                 avg_time = max_time;    /* immediate catch up on first run */
     668                 :            : 
     669         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (max_time >= avg_time / WB_FRN_TIME_CUT_DIV) {
     670                 :            :                 int slots;
     671                 :            : 
     672                 :            :                 /*
     673                 :            :                  * The switch verdict is reached if foreign wb's consume
     674                 :            :                  * more than a certain proportion of IO time in a
     675                 :            :                  * WB_FRN_TIME_PERIOD.  This is loosely tracked by 16 slot
     676                 :            :                  * history mask where each bit represents one sixteenth of
     677                 :            :                  * the period.  Determine the number of slots to shift into
     678                 :            :                  * history from @max_time.
     679                 :            :                  */
     680                 :          0 :                 slots = min(DIV_ROUND_UP(max_time, WB_FRN_HIST_UNIT),
     681                 :            :                             (unsigned long)WB_FRN_HIST_MAX_SLOTS);
     682                 :          0 :                 history <<= slots;
     683         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (wbc->wb_id != max_id)
     684                 :          0 :                         history |= (1U << slots) - 1;
     685                 :            : 
     686         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (history)
     687                 :          0 :                         trace_inode_foreign_history(inode, wbc, history);
     688                 :            : 
     689                 :            :                 /*
     690                 :            :                  * Switch if the current wb isn't the consistent winner.
     691                 :            :                  * If there are multiple closely competing dirtiers, the
     692                 :            :                  * inode may switch across them repeatedly over time, which
     693                 :            :                  * is okay.  The main goal is avoiding keeping an inode on
     694                 :            :                  * the wrong wb for an extended period of time.
     695                 :            :                  */
     696   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :                 if (hweight32(history) > WB_FRN_HIST_THR_SLOTS)
     697                 :          0 :                         inode_switch_wbs(inode, max_id);
     698                 :            :         }
     699                 :            : 
     700                 :            :         /*
     701                 :            :          * Multiple instances of this function may race to update the
     702                 :            :          * following fields but we don't mind occassional inaccuracies.
     703                 :            :          */
     704                 :          0 :         inode->i_wb_frn_winner = max_id;
     705                 :          0 :         inode->i_wb_frn_avg_time = min(avg_time, (unsigned long)U16_MAX);
     706                 :          0 :         inode->i_wb_frn_history = history;
     707                 :            : 
     708                 :          0 :         wb_put(wbc->wb);
     709                 :          0 :         wbc->wb = NULL;
     710                 :            : }
     711                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wbc_detach_inode);
     712                 :            : 
     713                 :            : /**
     714                 :            :  * wbc_account_cgroup_owner - account writeback to update inode cgroup ownership
     715                 :            :  * @wbc: writeback_control of the writeback in progress
     716                 :            :  * @page: page being written out
     717                 :            :  * @bytes: number of bytes being written out
     718                 :            :  *
     719                 :            :  * @bytes from @page are about to written out during the writeback
     720                 :            :  * controlled by @wbc.  Keep the book for foreign inode detection.  See
     721                 :            :  * wbc_detach_inode().
     722                 :            :  */
     723                 :      95396 : void wbc_account_cgroup_owner(struct writeback_control *wbc, struct page *page,
     724                 :            :                               size_t bytes)
     725                 :            : {
     726                 :            :         struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
     727                 :            :         int id;
     728                 :            : 
     729                 :            :         /*
     730                 :            :          * pageout() path doesn't attach @wbc to the inode being written
     731                 :            :          * out.  This is intentional as we don't want the function to block
     732                 :            :          * behind a slow cgroup.  Ultimately, we want pageout() to kick off
     733                 :            :          * regular writeback instead of writing things out itself.
     734                 :            :          */
     735   [ -  +  #  # ]:      95396 :         if (!wbc->wb || wbc->no_cgroup_owner)
     736                 :            :                 return;
     737                 :            : 
     738                 :          0 :         css = mem_cgroup_css_from_page(page);
     739                 :            :         /* dead cgroups shouldn't contribute to inode ownership arbitration */
     740         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!(css->flags & CSS_ONLINE))
     741                 :            :                 return;
     742                 :            : 
     743                 :          0 :         id = css->id;
     744                 :            : 
     745         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (id == wbc->wb_id) {
     746                 :          0 :                 wbc->wb_bytes += bytes;
     747                 :          0 :                 return;
     748                 :            :         }
     749                 :            : 
     750         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (id == wbc->wb_lcand_id)
     751                 :          0 :                 wbc->wb_lcand_bytes += bytes;
     752                 :            : 
     753                 :            :         /* Boyer-Moore majority vote algorithm */
     754         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!wbc->wb_tcand_bytes)
     755                 :          0 :                 wbc->wb_tcand_id = id;
     756         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (id == wbc->wb_tcand_id)
     757                 :          0 :                 wbc->wb_tcand_bytes += bytes;
     758                 :            :         else
     759                 :          0 :                 wbc->wb_tcand_bytes -= min(bytes, wbc->wb_tcand_bytes);
     760                 :            : }
     761                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wbc_account_cgroup_owner);
     762                 :            : 
     763                 :            : /**
     764                 :            :  * inode_congested - test whether an inode is congested
     765                 :            :  * @inode: inode to test for congestion (may be NULL)
     766                 :            :  * @cong_bits: mask of WB_[a]sync_congested bits to test
     767                 :            :  *
     768                 :            :  * Tests whether @inode is congested.  @cong_bits is the mask of congestion
     769                 :            :  * bits to test and the return value is the mask of set bits.
     770                 :            :  *
     771                 :            :  * If cgroup writeback is enabled for @inode, the congestion state is
     772                 :            :  * determined by whether the cgwb (cgroup bdi_writeback) for the blkcg
     773                 :            :  * associated with @inode is congested; otherwise, the root wb's congestion
     774                 :            :  * state is used.
     775                 :            :  *
     776                 :            :  * @inode is allowed to be NULL as this function is often called on
     777                 :            :  * mapping->host which is NULL for the swapper space.
     778                 :            :  */
     779                 :     211510 : int inode_congested(struct inode *inode, int cong_bits)
     780                 :            : {
     781                 :            :         /*
     782                 :            :          * Once set, ->i_wb never becomes NULL while the inode is alive.
     783                 :            :          * Start transaction iff ->i_wb is visible.
     784                 :            :          */
     785   [ +  +  -  + ]:     422168 :         if (inode && inode_to_wb_is_valid(inode)) {
     786                 :            :                 struct bdi_writeback *wb;
     787                 :          0 :                 struct wb_lock_cookie lock_cookie = {};
     788                 :            :                 bool congested;
     789                 :            : 
     790                 :          0 :                 wb = unlocked_inode_to_wb_begin(inode, &lock_cookie);
     791                 :          0 :                 congested = wb_congested(wb, cong_bits);
     792                 :            :                 unlocked_inode_to_wb_end(inode, &lock_cookie);
     793                 :          0 :                 return congested;
     794                 :            :         }
     795                 :            : 
     796                 :     422954 :         return wb_congested(&inode_to_bdi(inode)->wb, cong_bits);
     797                 :            : }
     798                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inode_congested);
     799                 :            : 
     800                 :            : /**
     801                 :            :  * wb_split_bdi_pages - split nr_pages to write according to bandwidth
     802                 :            :  * @wb: target bdi_writeback to split @nr_pages to
     803                 :            :  * @nr_pages: number of pages to write for the whole bdi
     804                 :            :  *
     805                 :            :  * Split @wb's portion of @nr_pages according to @wb's write bandwidth in
     806                 :            :  * relation to the total write bandwidth of all wb's w/ dirty inodes on
     807                 :            :  * @wb->bdi.
     808                 :            :  */
     809                 :        432 : static long wb_split_bdi_pages(struct bdi_writeback *wb, long nr_pages)
     810                 :            : {
     811                 :        432 :         unsigned long this_bw = wb->avg_write_bandwidth;
     812                 :        864 :         unsigned long tot_bw = atomic_long_read(&wb->bdi->tot_write_bandwidth);
     813                 :            : 
     814         [ +  + ]:        432 :         if (nr_pages == LONG_MAX)
     815                 :            :                 return LONG_MAX;
     816                 :            : 
     817                 :            :         /*
     818                 :            :          * This may be called on clean wb's and proportional distribution
     819                 :            :          * may not make sense, just use the original @nr_pages in those
     820                 :            :          * cases.  In general, we wanna err on the side of writing more.
     821                 :            :          */
     822         [ -  + ]:        207 :         if (!tot_bw || this_bw >= tot_bw)
     823                 :            :                 return nr_pages;
     824                 :            :         else
     825   [ #  #  #  #  :          0 :                 return DIV_ROUND_UP_ULL((u64)nr_pages * this_bw, tot_bw);
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     826                 :            : }
     827                 :            : 
     828                 :            : /**
     829                 :            :  * bdi_split_work_to_wbs - split a wb_writeback_work to all wb's of a bdi
     830                 :            :  * @bdi: target backing_dev_info
     831                 :            :  * @base_work: wb_writeback_work to issue
     832                 :            :  * @skip_if_busy: skip wb's which already have writeback in progress
     833                 :            :  *
     834                 :            :  * Split and issue @base_work to all wb's (bdi_writeback's) of @bdi which
     835                 :            :  * have dirty inodes.  If @base_work->nr_page isn't %LONG_MAX, it's
     836                 :            :  * distributed to the busy wbs according to each wb's proportion in the
     837                 :            :  * total active write bandwidth of @bdi.
     838                 :            :  */
     839                 :        414 : static void bdi_split_work_to_wbs(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
     840                 :            :                                   struct wb_writeback_work *base_work,
     841                 :            :                                   bool skip_if_busy)
     842                 :            : {
     843                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *last_wb = NULL;
     844                 :        414 :         struct bdi_writeback *wb = list_entry(&bdi->wb_list,
     845                 :            :                                               struct bdi_writeback, bdi_node);
     846                 :            : 
     847                 :        414 :         might_sleep();
     848                 :            : restart:
     849                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
     850         [ +  + ]:        828 :         list_for_each_entry_continue_rcu(wb, &bdi->wb_list, bdi_node) {
     851                 :        414 :                 DEFINE_WB_COMPLETION(fallback_work_done, bdi);
     852                 :            :                 struct wb_writeback_work fallback_work;
     853                 :            :                 struct wb_writeback_work *work;
     854                 :            :                 long nr_pages;
     855                 :            : 
     856         [ -  + ]:        414 :                 if (last_wb) {
     857                 :          0 :                         wb_put(last_wb);
     858                 :            :                         last_wb = NULL;
     859                 :            :                 }
     860                 :            : 
     861                 :            :                 /* SYNC_ALL writes out I_DIRTY_TIME too */
     862   [ +  +  +  - ]:        603 :                 if (!wb_has_dirty_io(wb) &&
     863         [ +  - ]:        378 :                     (base_work->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_NONE ||
     864                 :        189 :                      list_empty(&wb->b_dirty_time)))
     865                 :        603 :                         continue;
     866   [ -  +  #  # ]:        225 :                 if (skip_if_busy && writeback_in_progress(wb))
     867                 :          0 :                         continue;
     868                 :            : 
     869                 :        225 :                 nr_pages = wb_split_bdi_pages(wb, base_work->nr_pages);
     870                 :            : 
     871                 :            :                 work = kmalloc(sizeof(*work), GFP_ATOMIC);
     872         [ +  - ]:        225 :                 if (work) {
     873                 :        225 :                         *work = *base_work;
     874                 :        225 :                         work->nr_pages = nr_pages;
     875                 :        225 :                         work->auto_free = 1;
     876                 :        225 :                         wb_queue_work(wb, work);
     877                 :        225 :                         continue;
     878                 :            :                 }
     879                 :            : 
     880                 :            :                 /* alloc failed, execute synchronously using on-stack fallback */
     881                 :            :                 work = &fallback_work;
     882                 :          0 :                 *work = *base_work;
     883                 :          0 :                 work->nr_pages = nr_pages;
     884                 :          0 :                 work->auto_free = 0;
     885                 :          0 :                 work->done = &fallback_work_done;
     886                 :            : 
     887                 :          0 :                 wb_queue_work(wb, work);
     888                 :            : 
     889                 :            :                 /*
     890                 :            :                  * Pin @wb so that it stays on @bdi->wb_list.  This allows
     891                 :            :                  * continuing iteration from @wb after dropping and
     892                 :            :                  * regrabbing rcu read lock.
     893                 :            :                  */
     894                 :            :                 wb_get(wb);
     895                 :          0 :                 last_wb = wb;
     896                 :            : 
     897                 :            :                 rcu_read_unlock();
     898                 :          0 :                 wb_wait_for_completion(&fallback_work_done);
     899                 :          0 :                 goto restart;
     900                 :            :         }
     901                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
     902                 :            : 
     903         [ -  + ]:        414 :         if (last_wb)
     904                 :          0 :                 wb_put(last_wb);
     905                 :        414 : }
     906                 :            : 
     907                 :            : /**
     908                 :            :  * cgroup_writeback_by_id - initiate cgroup writeback from bdi and memcg IDs
     909                 :            :  * @bdi_id: target bdi id
     910                 :            :  * @memcg_id: target memcg css id
     911                 :            :  * @nr: number of pages to write, 0 for best-effort dirty flushing
     912                 :            :  * @reason: reason why some writeback work initiated
     913                 :            :  * @done: target wb_completion
     914                 :            :  *
     915                 :            :  * Initiate flush of the bdi_writeback identified by @bdi_id and @memcg_id
     916                 :            :  * with the specified parameters.
     917                 :            :  */
     918                 :          0 : int cgroup_writeback_by_id(u64 bdi_id, int memcg_id, unsigned long nr,
     919                 :            :                            enum wb_reason reason, struct wb_completion *done)
     920                 :            : {
     921                 :            :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi;
     922                 :            :         struct cgroup_subsys_state *memcg_css;
     923                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
     924                 :            :         struct wb_writeback_work *work;
     925                 :            :         int ret;
     926                 :            : 
     927                 :            :         /* lookup bdi and memcg */
     928                 :          0 :         bdi = bdi_get_by_id(bdi_id);
     929         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!bdi)
     930                 :            :                 return -ENOENT;
     931                 :            : 
     932                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
     933                 :          0 :         memcg_css = css_from_id(memcg_id, &memory_cgrp_subsys);
     934   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :         if (memcg_css && !css_tryget(memcg_css))
     935                 :            :                 memcg_css = NULL;
     936                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
     937         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!memcg_css) {
     938                 :            :                 ret = -ENOENT;
     939                 :            :                 goto out_bdi_put;
     940                 :            :         }
     941                 :            : 
     942                 :            :         /*
     943                 :            :          * And find the associated wb.  If the wb isn't there already
     944                 :            :          * there's nothing to flush, don't create one.
     945                 :            :          */
     946                 :          0 :         wb = wb_get_lookup(bdi, memcg_css);
     947         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!wb) {
     948                 :            :                 ret = -ENOENT;
     949                 :            :                 goto out_css_put;
     950                 :            :         }
     951                 :            : 
     952                 :            :         /*
     953                 :            :          * If @nr is zero, the caller is attempting to write out most of
     954                 :            :          * the currently dirty pages.  Let's take the current dirty page
     955                 :            :          * count and inflate it by 25% which should be large enough to
     956                 :            :          * flush out most dirty pages while avoiding getting livelocked by
     957                 :            :          * concurrent dirtiers.
     958                 :            :          */
     959         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!nr) {
     960                 :            :                 unsigned long filepages, headroom, dirty, writeback;
     961                 :            : 
     962                 :          0 :                 mem_cgroup_wb_stats(wb, &filepages, &headroom, &dirty,
     963                 :            :                                       &writeback);
     964                 :          0 :                 nr = dirty * 10 / 8;
     965                 :            :         }
     966                 :            : 
     967                 :            :         /* issue the writeback work */
     968                 :          0 :         work = kzalloc(sizeof(*work), GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN);
     969         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (work) {
     970                 :          0 :                 work->nr_pages = nr;
     971                 :          0 :                 work->sync_mode = WB_SYNC_NONE;
     972                 :          0 :                 work->range_cyclic = 1;
     973                 :          0 :                 work->reason = reason;
     974                 :          0 :                 work->done = done;
     975                 :          0 :                 work->auto_free = 1;
     976                 :          0 :                 wb_queue_work(wb, work);
     977                 :            :                 ret = 0;
     978                 :            :         } else {
     979                 :            :                 ret = -ENOMEM;
     980                 :            :         }
     981                 :            : 
     982                 :          0 :         wb_put(wb);
     983                 :            : out_css_put:
     984                 :            :         css_put(memcg_css);
     985                 :            : out_bdi_put:
     986                 :          0 :         bdi_put(bdi);
     987                 :          0 :         return ret;
     988                 :            : }
     989                 :            : 
     990                 :            : /**
     991                 :            :  * cgroup_writeback_umount - flush inode wb switches for umount
     992                 :            :  *
     993                 :            :  * This function is called when a super_block is about to be destroyed and
     994                 :            :  * flushes in-flight inode wb switches.  An inode wb switch goes through
     995                 :            :  * RCU and then workqueue, so the two need to be flushed in order to ensure
     996                 :            :  * that all previously scheduled switches are finished.  As wb switches are
     997                 :            :  * rare occurrences and synchronize_rcu() can take a while, perform
     998                 :            :  * flushing iff wb switches are in flight.
     999                 :            :  */
    1000                 :          2 : void cgroup_writeback_umount(void)
    1001                 :            : {
    1002         [ -  + ]:          2 :         if (atomic_read(&isw_nr_in_flight)) {
    1003                 :            :                 /*
    1004                 :            :                  * Use rcu_barrier() to wait for all pending callbacks to
    1005                 :            :                  * ensure that all in-flight wb switches are in the workqueue.
    1006                 :            :                  */
    1007                 :          0 :                 rcu_barrier();
    1008                 :          0 :                 flush_workqueue(isw_wq);
    1009                 :            :         }
    1010                 :          2 : }
    1011                 :            : 
    1012                 :        207 : static int __init cgroup_writeback_init(void)
    1013                 :            : {
    1014                 :        207 :         isw_wq = alloc_workqueue("inode_switch_wbs", 0, 0);
    1015         [ +  - ]:        207 :         if (!isw_wq)
    1016                 :            :                 return -ENOMEM;
    1017                 :        207 :         return 0;
    1018                 :            : }
    1019                 :            : fs_initcall(cgroup_writeback_init);
    1020                 :            : 
    1021                 :            : #else   /* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
    1022                 :            : 
    1023                 :            : static void bdi_down_write_wb_switch_rwsem(struct backing_dev_info *bdi) { }
    1024                 :            : static void bdi_up_write_wb_switch_rwsem(struct backing_dev_info *bdi) { }
    1025                 :            : 
    1026                 :            : static struct bdi_writeback *
    1027                 :            : locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(struct inode *inode)
    1028                 :            :         __releases(&inode->i_lock)
    1029                 :            :         __acquires(&wb->list_lock)
    1030                 :            : {
    1031                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb = inode_to_wb(inode);
    1032                 :            : 
    1033                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1034                 :            :         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1035                 :            :         return wb;
    1036                 :            : }
    1037                 :            : 
    1038                 :            : static struct bdi_writeback *inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(struct inode *inode)
    1039                 :            :         __acquires(&wb->list_lock)
    1040                 :            : {
    1041                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb = inode_to_wb(inode);
    1042                 :            : 
    1043                 :            :         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1044                 :            :         return wb;
    1045                 :            : }
    1046                 :            : 
    1047                 :            : static long wb_split_bdi_pages(struct bdi_writeback *wb, long nr_pages)
    1048                 :            : {
    1049                 :            :         return nr_pages;
    1050                 :            : }
    1051                 :            : 
    1052                 :            : static void bdi_split_work_to_wbs(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
    1053                 :            :                                   struct wb_writeback_work *base_work,
    1054                 :            :                                   bool skip_if_busy)
    1055                 :            : {
    1056                 :            :         might_sleep();
    1057                 :            : 
    1058                 :            :         if (!skip_if_busy || !writeback_in_progress(&bdi->wb)) {
    1059                 :            :                 base_work->auto_free = 0;
    1060                 :            :                 wb_queue_work(&bdi->wb, base_work);
    1061                 :            :         }
    1062                 :            : }
    1063                 :            : 
    1064                 :            : #endif  /* CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK */
    1065                 :            : 
    1066                 :            : /*
    1067                 :            :  * Add in the number of potentially dirty inodes, because each inode
    1068                 :            :  * write can dirty pagecache in the underlying blockdev.
    1069                 :            :  */
    1070                 :       3631 : static unsigned long get_nr_dirty_pages(void)
    1071                 :            : {
    1072                 :       7262 :         return global_node_page_state(NR_FILE_DIRTY) +
    1073                 :       3631 :                 global_node_page_state(NR_UNSTABLE_NFS) +
    1074                 :       3631 :                 get_nr_dirty_inodes();
    1075                 :            : }
    1076                 :            : 
    1077                 :        207 : static void wb_start_writeback(struct bdi_writeback *wb, enum wb_reason reason)
    1078                 :            : {
    1079         [ +  - ]:        207 :         if (!wb_has_dirty_io(wb))
    1080                 :            :                 return;
    1081                 :            : 
    1082                 :            :         /*
    1083                 :            :          * All callers of this function want to start writeback of all
    1084                 :            :          * dirty pages. Places like vmscan can call this at a very
    1085                 :            :          * high frequency, causing pointless allocations of tons of
    1086                 :            :          * work items and keeping the flusher threads busy retrieving
    1087                 :            :          * that work. Ensure that we only allow one of them pending and
    1088                 :            :          * inflight at the time.
    1089                 :            :          */
    1090   [ +  -  +  - ]:        414 :         if (test_bit(WB_start_all, &wb->state) ||
    1091                 :        207 :             test_and_set_bit(WB_start_all, &wb->state))
    1092                 :            :                 return;
    1093                 :            : 
    1094                 :        207 :         wb->start_all_reason = reason;
    1095                 :        207 :         wb_wakeup(wb);
    1096                 :            : }
    1097                 :            : 
    1098                 :            : /**
    1099                 :            :  * wb_start_background_writeback - start background writeback
    1100                 :            :  * @wb: bdi_writback to write from
    1101                 :            :  *
    1102                 :            :  * Description:
    1103                 :            :  *   This makes sure WB_SYNC_NONE background writeback happens. When
    1104                 :            :  *   this function returns, it is only guaranteed that for given wb
    1105                 :            :  *   some IO is happening if we are over background dirty threshold.
    1106                 :            :  *   Caller need not hold sb s_umount semaphore.
    1107                 :            :  */
    1108                 :          0 : void wb_start_background_writeback(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    1109                 :            : {
    1110                 :            :         /*
    1111                 :            :          * We just wake up the flusher thread. It will perform background
    1112                 :            :          * writeback as soon as there is no other work to do.
    1113                 :            :          */
    1114                 :          0 :         trace_writeback_wake_background(wb);
    1115                 :          0 :         wb_wakeup(wb);
    1116                 :          0 : }
    1117                 :            : 
    1118                 :            : /*
    1119                 :            :  * Remove the inode from the writeback list it is on.
    1120                 :            :  */
    1121                 :      26210 : void inode_io_list_del(struct inode *inode)
    1122                 :            : {
    1123                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
    1124                 :            : 
    1125                 :            :         wb = inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(inode);
    1126                 :      26210 :         inode_io_list_del_locked(inode, wb);
    1127                 :            :         spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    1128                 :      26210 : }
    1129                 :            : 
    1130                 :            : /*
    1131                 :            :  * mark an inode as under writeback on the sb
    1132                 :            :  */
    1133                 :      17860 : void sb_mark_inode_writeback(struct inode *inode)
    1134                 :            : {
    1135                 :      17860 :         struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
    1136                 :            :         unsigned long flags;
    1137                 :            : 
    1138         [ +  - ]:      35720 :         if (list_empty(&inode->i_wb_list)) {
    1139                 :      17860 :                 spin_lock_irqsave(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock, flags);
    1140         [ +  - ]:      17860 :                 if (list_empty(&inode->i_wb_list)) {
    1141                 :      17860 :                         list_add_tail(&inode->i_wb_list, &sb->s_inodes_wb);
    1142                 :      17860 :                         trace_sb_mark_inode_writeback(inode);
    1143                 :            :                 }
    1144                 :            :                 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock, flags);
    1145                 :            :         }
    1146                 :      17860 : }
    1147                 :            : 
    1148                 :            : /*
    1149                 :            :  * clear an inode as under writeback on the sb
    1150                 :            :  */
    1151                 :      17860 : void sb_clear_inode_writeback(struct inode *inode)
    1152                 :            : {
    1153                 :      17860 :         struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
    1154                 :            :         unsigned long flags;
    1155                 :            : 
    1156         [ +  - ]:      35720 :         if (!list_empty(&inode->i_wb_list)) {
    1157                 :      17860 :                 spin_lock_irqsave(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock, flags);
    1158         [ +  - ]:      17860 :                 if (!list_empty(&inode->i_wb_list)) {
    1159                 :            :                         list_del_init(&inode->i_wb_list);
    1160                 :      17860 :                         trace_sb_clear_inode_writeback(inode);
    1161                 :            :                 }
    1162                 :            :                 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock, flags);
    1163                 :            :         }
    1164                 :      17860 : }
    1165                 :            : 
    1166                 :            : /*
    1167                 :            :  * Redirty an inode: set its when-it-was dirtied timestamp and move it to the
    1168                 :            :  * furthest end of its superblock's dirty-inode list.
    1169                 :            :  *
    1170                 :            :  * Before stamping the inode's ->dirtied_when, we check to see whether it is
    1171                 :            :  * already the most-recently-dirtied inode on the b_dirty list.  If that is
    1172                 :            :  * the case then the inode must have been redirtied while it was being written
    1173                 :            :  * out and we don't reset its dirtied_when.
    1174                 :            :  */
    1175                 :       1317 : static void redirty_tail(struct inode *inode, struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    1176                 :            : {
    1177         [ +  + ]:       2634 :         if (!list_empty(&wb->b_dirty)) {
    1178                 :            :                 struct inode *tail;
    1179                 :            : 
    1180                 :        648 :                 tail = wb_inode(wb->b_dirty.next);
    1181         [ +  + ]:        648 :                 if (time_before(inode->dirtied_when, tail->dirtied_when))
    1182                 :        138 :                         inode->dirtied_when = jiffies;
    1183                 :            :         }
    1184                 :       1317 :         inode_io_list_move_locked(inode, wb, &wb->b_dirty);
    1185                 :       1317 : }
    1186                 :            : 
    1187                 :            : /*
    1188                 :            :  * requeue inode for re-scanning after bdi->b_io list is exhausted.
    1189                 :            :  */
    1190                 :            : static void requeue_io(struct inode *inode, struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    1191                 :            : {
    1192                 :          0 :         inode_io_list_move_locked(inode, wb, &wb->b_more_io);
    1193                 :            : }
    1194                 :            : 
    1195                 :      40076 : static void inode_sync_complete(struct inode *inode)
    1196                 :            : {
    1197                 :      40076 :         inode->i_state &= ~I_SYNC;
    1198                 :            :         /* If inode is clean an unused, put it into LRU now... */
    1199                 :      40076 :         inode_add_lru(inode);
    1200                 :            :         /* Waiters must see I_SYNC cleared before being woken up */
    1201                 :      40076 :         smp_mb();
    1202                 :      40076 :         wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_SYNC);
    1203                 :      40076 : }
    1204                 :            : 
    1205                 :            : static bool inode_dirtied_after(struct inode *inode, unsigned long t)
    1206                 :            : {
    1207         [ +  + ]:      46187 :         bool ret = time_after(inode->dirtied_when, t);
    1208                 :            : #ifndef CONFIG_64BIT
    1209                 :            :         /*
    1210                 :            :          * For inodes being constantly redirtied, dirtied_when can get stuck.
    1211                 :            :          * It _appears_ to be in the future, but is actually in distant past.
    1212                 :            :          * This test is necessary to prevent such wrapped-around relative times
    1213                 :            :          * from permanently stopping the whole bdi writeback.
    1214                 :            :          */
    1215   [ +  +  -  + ]:      46187 :         ret = ret && time_before_eq(inode->dirtied_when, jiffies);
    1216                 :            : #endif
    1217                 :            :         return ret;
    1218                 :            : }
    1219                 :            : 
    1220                 :            : #define EXPIRE_DIRTY_ATIME 0x0001
    1221                 :            : 
    1222                 :            : /*
    1223                 :            :  * Move expired (dirtied before work->older_than_this) dirty inodes from
    1224                 :            :  * @delaying_queue to @dispatch_queue.
    1225                 :            :  */
    1226                 :      10572 : static int move_expired_inodes(struct list_head *delaying_queue,
    1227                 :            :                                struct list_head *dispatch_queue,
    1228                 :            :                                int flags,
    1229                 :            :                                struct wb_writeback_work *work)
    1230                 :            : {
    1231                 :            :         unsigned long *older_than_this = NULL;
    1232                 :            :         unsigned long expire_time;
    1233                 :      10572 :         LIST_HEAD(tmp);
    1234                 :            :         struct list_head *pos, *node;
    1235                 :            :         struct super_block *sb = NULL;
    1236                 :            :         struct inode *inode;
    1237                 :            :         int do_sb_sort = 0;
    1238                 :            :         int moved = 0;
    1239                 :            : 
    1240         [ +  + ]:      10572 :         if ((flags & EXPIRE_DIRTY_ATIME) == 0)
    1241                 :       5286 :                 older_than_this = work->older_than_this;
    1242         [ +  + ]:       5286 :         else if (!work->for_sync) {
    1243                 :       4897 :                 expire_time = jiffies - (dirtytime_expire_interval * HZ);
    1244                 :            :                 older_than_this = &expire_time;
    1245                 :            :         }
    1246         [ +  + ]:      52992 :         while (!list_empty(delaying_queue)) {
    1247                 :      46187 :                 inode = wb_inode(delaying_queue->prev);
    1248   [ +  -  +  + ]:      92374 :                 if (older_than_this &&
    1249                 :      46187 :                     inode_dirtied_after(inode, *older_than_this))
    1250                 :            :                         break;
    1251                 :      42420 :                 list_move(&inode->i_io_list, &tmp);
    1252                 :      42420 :                 moved++;
    1253         [ -  + ]:      42420 :                 if (flags & EXPIRE_DIRTY_ATIME)
    1254                 :          0 :                         set_bit(__I_DIRTY_TIME_EXPIRED, &inode->i_state);
    1255         [ +  + ]:      84840 :                 if (sb_is_blkdev_sb(inode->i_sb))
    1256                 :       2199 :                         continue;
    1257   [ +  +  +  + ]:      40221 :                 if (sb && sb != inode->i_sb)
    1258                 :            :                         do_sb_sort = 1;
    1259                 :            :                 sb = inode->i_sb;
    1260                 :            :         }
    1261                 :            : 
    1262                 :            :         /* just one sb in list, splice to dispatch_queue and we're done */
    1263         [ +  + ]:      10572 :         if (!do_sb_sort) {
    1264                 :            :                 list_splice(&tmp, dispatch_queue);
    1265                 :            :                 goto out;
    1266                 :            :         }
    1267                 :            : 
    1268                 :            :         /* Move inodes from one superblock together */
    1269         [ +  + ]:        832 :         while (!list_empty(&tmp)) {
    1270                 :        624 :                 sb = wb_inode(tmp.prev)->i_sb;
    1271         [ +  + ]:      13213 :                 list_for_each_prev_safe(pos, node, &tmp) {
    1272                 :            :                         inode = wb_inode(pos);
    1273         [ +  + ]:      12589 :                         if (inode->i_sb == sb)
    1274                 :       6398 :                                 list_move(&inode->i_io_list, dispatch_queue);
    1275                 :            :                 }
    1276                 :            :         }
    1277                 :            : out:
    1278                 :      10572 :         return moved;
    1279                 :            : }
    1280                 :            : 
    1281                 :            : /*
    1282                 :            :  * Queue all expired dirty inodes for io, eldest first.
    1283                 :            :  * Before
    1284                 :            :  *         newly dirtied     b_dirty    b_io    b_more_io
    1285                 :            :  *         =============>    gf         edc     BA
    1286                 :            :  * After
    1287                 :            :  *         newly dirtied     b_dirty    b_io    b_more_io
    1288                 :            :  *         =============>    g          fBAedc
    1289                 :            :  *                                           |
    1290                 :            :  *                                           +--> dequeue for IO
    1291                 :            :  */
    1292                 :       5286 : static void queue_io(struct bdi_writeback *wb, struct wb_writeback_work *work)
    1293                 :            : {
    1294                 :            :         int moved;
    1295                 :            : 
    1296         [ -  + ]:       5286 :         assert_spin_locked(&wb->list_lock);
    1297                 :       5286 :         list_splice_init(&wb->b_more_io, &wb->b_io);
    1298                 :       5286 :         moved = move_expired_inodes(&wb->b_dirty, &wb->b_io, 0, work);
    1299                 :       5286 :         moved += move_expired_inodes(&wb->b_dirty_time, &wb->b_io,
    1300                 :            :                                      EXPIRE_DIRTY_ATIME, work);
    1301         [ +  + ]:       5286 :         if (moved)
    1302                 :       1974 :                 wb_io_lists_populated(wb);
    1303                 :       5286 :         trace_writeback_queue_io(wb, work, moved);
    1304                 :       5286 : }
    1305                 :            : 
    1306                 :      38560 : static int write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
    1307                 :            : {
    1308                 :            :         int ret;
    1309                 :            : 
    1310   [ +  -  +  - ]:      38560 :         if (inode->i_sb->s_op->write_inode && !is_bad_inode(inode)) {
    1311                 :      38560 :                 trace_writeback_write_inode_start(inode, wbc);
    1312                 :      38560 :                 ret = inode->i_sb->s_op->write_inode(inode, wbc);
    1313                 :      38560 :                 trace_writeback_write_inode(inode, wbc);
    1314                 :      38560 :                 return ret;
    1315                 :            :         }
    1316                 :            :         return 0;
    1317                 :            : }
    1318                 :            : 
    1319                 :            : /*
    1320                 :            :  * Wait for writeback on an inode to complete. Called with i_lock held.
    1321                 :            :  * Caller must make sure inode cannot go away when we drop i_lock.
    1322                 :            :  */
    1323                 :    1734142 : static void __inode_wait_for_writeback(struct inode *inode)
    1324                 :            :         __releases(inode->i_lock)
    1325                 :            :         __acquires(inode->i_lock)
    1326                 :            : {
    1327                 :    3468284 :         DEFINE_WAIT_BIT(wq, &inode->i_state, __I_SYNC);
    1328                 :            :         wait_queue_head_t *wqh;
    1329                 :            : 
    1330                 :    1734142 :         wqh = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_SYNC);
    1331         [ -  + ]:    3468599 :         while (inode->i_state & I_SYNC) {
    1332                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1333                 :          0 :                 __wait_on_bit(wqh, &wq, bit_wait,
    1334                 :            :                               TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
    1335                 :            :                 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1336                 :            :         }
    1337                 :    1734608 : }
    1338                 :            : 
    1339                 :            : /*
    1340                 :            :  * Wait for writeback on an inode to complete. Caller must have inode pinned.
    1341                 :            :  */
    1342                 :    1734684 : void inode_wait_for_writeback(struct inode *inode)
    1343                 :            : {
    1344                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1345                 :    1734680 :         __inode_wait_for_writeback(inode);
    1346                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1347                 :    1734599 : }
    1348                 :            : 
    1349                 :            : /*
    1350                 :            :  * Sleep until I_SYNC is cleared. This function must be called with i_lock
    1351                 :            :  * held and drops it. It is aimed for callers not holding any inode reference
    1352                 :            :  * so once i_lock is dropped, inode can go away.
    1353                 :            :  */
    1354                 :          0 : static void inode_sleep_on_writeback(struct inode *inode)
    1355                 :            :         __releases(inode->i_lock)
    1356                 :            : {
    1357                 :          0 :         DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
    1358                 :          0 :         wait_queue_head_t *wqh = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_SYNC);
    1359                 :            :         int sleep;
    1360                 :            : 
    1361                 :          0 :         prepare_to_wait(wqh, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
    1362                 :          0 :         sleep = inode->i_state & I_SYNC;
    1363                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1364         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (sleep)
    1365                 :          0 :                 schedule();
    1366                 :          0 :         finish_wait(wqh, &wait);
    1367                 :          0 : }
    1368                 :            : 
    1369                 :            : /*
    1370                 :            :  * Find proper writeback list for the inode depending on its current state and
    1371                 :            :  * possibly also change of its state while we were doing writeback.  Here we
    1372                 :            :  * handle things such as livelock prevention or fairness of writeback among
    1373                 :            :  * inodes. This function can be called only by flusher thread - noone else
    1374                 :            :  * processes all inodes in writeback lists and requeueing inodes behind flusher
    1375                 :            :  * thread's back can have unexpected consequences.
    1376                 :            :  */
    1377                 :      40076 : static void requeue_inode(struct inode *inode, struct bdi_writeback *wb,
    1378                 :            :                           struct writeback_control *wbc)
    1379                 :            : {
    1380         [ +  - ]:      40076 :         if (inode->i_state & I_FREEING)
    1381                 :            :                 return;
    1382                 :            : 
    1383                 :            :         /*
    1384                 :            :          * Sync livelock prevention. Each inode is tagged and synced in one
    1385                 :            :          * shot. If still dirty, it will be redirty_tail()'ed below.  Update
    1386                 :            :          * the dirty time to prevent enqueue and sync it again.
    1387                 :            :          */
    1388   [ +  +  +  - ]:      40509 :         if ((inode->i_state & I_DIRTY) &&
    1389         [ -  + ]:        866 :             (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL || wbc->tagged_writepages))
    1390                 :          0 :                 inode->dirtied_when = jiffies;
    1391                 :            : 
    1392         [ -  + ]:      40076 :         if (wbc->pages_skipped) {
    1393                 :            :                 /*
    1394                 :            :                  * writeback is not making progress due to locked
    1395                 :            :                  * buffers. Skip this inode for now.
    1396                 :            :                  */
    1397                 :          0 :                 redirty_tail(inode, wb);
    1398                 :          0 :                 return;
    1399                 :            :         }
    1400                 :            : 
    1401         [ +  + ]:      80152 :         if (mapping_tagged(inode->i_mapping, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY)) {
    1402                 :            :                 /*
    1403                 :            :                  * We didn't write back all the pages.  nfs_writepages()
    1404                 :            :                  * sometimes bales out without doing anything.
    1405                 :            :                  */
    1406         [ -  + ]:        435 :                 if (wbc->nr_to_write <= 0) {
    1407                 :            :                         /* Slice used up. Queue for next turn. */
    1408                 :            :                         requeue_io(inode, wb);
    1409                 :            :                 } else {
    1410                 :            :                         /*
    1411                 :            :                          * Writeback blocked by something other than
    1412                 :            :                          * congestion. Delay the inode for some time to
    1413                 :            :                          * avoid spinning on the CPU (100% iowait)
    1414                 :            :                          * retrying writeback of the dirty page/inode
    1415                 :            :                          * that cannot be performed immediately.
    1416                 :            :                          */
    1417                 :        435 :                         redirty_tail(inode, wb);
    1418                 :            :                 }
    1419         [ -  + ]:      39641 :         } else if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY) {
    1420                 :            :                 /*
    1421                 :            :                  * Filesystems can dirty the inode during writeback operations,
    1422                 :            :                  * such as delayed allocation during submission or metadata
    1423                 :            :                  * updates after data IO completion.
    1424                 :            :                  */
    1425                 :          0 :                 redirty_tail(inode, wb);
    1426         [ -  + ]:      39641 :         } else if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME) {
    1427                 :          0 :                 inode->dirtied_when = jiffies;
    1428                 :          0 :                 inode_io_list_move_locked(inode, wb, &wb->b_dirty_time);
    1429                 :            :         } else {
    1430                 :            :                 /* The inode is clean. Remove from writeback lists. */
    1431                 :      39641 :                 inode_io_list_del_locked(inode, wb);
    1432                 :            :         }
    1433                 :            : }
    1434                 :            : 
    1435                 :            : /*
    1436                 :            :  * Write out an inode and its dirty pages. Do not update the writeback list
    1437                 :            :  * linkage. That is left to the caller. The caller is also responsible for
    1438                 :            :  * setting I_SYNC flag and calling inode_sync_complete() to clear it.
    1439                 :            :  */
    1440                 :            : static int
    1441                 :      40076 : __writeback_single_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
    1442                 :            : {
    1443                 :      40076 :         struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
    1444                 :      40076 :         long nr_to_write = wbc->nr_to_write;
    1445                 :            :         unsigned dirty;
    1446                 :            :         int ret;
    1447                 :            : 
    1448         [ -  + ]:      40076 :         WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_SYNC));
    1449                 :            : 
    1450                 :      40076 :         trace_writeback_single_inode_start(inode, wbc, nr_to_write);
    1451                 :            : 
    1452                 :      40076 :         ret = do_writepages(mapping, wbc);
    1453                 :            : 
    1454                 :            :         /*
    1455                 :            :          * Make sure to wait on the data before writing out the metadata.
    1456                 :            :          * This is important for filesystems that modify metadata on data
    1457                 :            :          * I/O completion. We don't do it for sync(2) writeback because it has a
    1458                 :            :          * separate, external IO completion path and ->sync_fs for guaranteeing
    1459                 :            :          * inode metadata is written back correctly.
    1460                 :            :          */
    1461   [ +  +  -  + ]:      40076 :         if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL && !wbc->for_sync) {
    1462                 :            :                 int err = filemap_fdatawait(mapping);
    1463         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (ret == 0)
    1464                 :            :                         ret = err;
    1465                 :            :         }
    1466                 :            : 
    1467                 :            :         /*
    1468                 :            :          * Some filesystems may redirty the inode during the writeback
    1469                 :            :          * due to delalloc, clear dirty metadata flags right before
    1470                 :            :          * write_inode()
    1471                 :            :          */
    1472                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1473                 :            : 
    1474                 :      40076 :         dirty = inode->i_state & I_DIRTY;
    1475         [ -  + ]:      40076 :         if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME) {
    1476   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :                 if ((dirty & I_DIRTY_INODE) ||
    1477         [ #  # ]:          0 :                     wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL ||
    1478         [ #  # ]:          0 :                     unlikely(inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME_EXPIRED) ||
    1479                 :          0 :                     unlikely(time_after(jiffies,
    1480                 :            :                                         (inode->dirtied_time_when +
    1481                 :            :                                          dirtytime_expire_interval * HZ)))) {
    1482                 :          0 :                         dirty |= I_DIRTY_TIME | I_DIRTY_TIME_EXPIRED;
    1483                 :          0 :                         trace_writeback_lazytime(inode);
    1484                 :            :                 }
    1485                 :            :         } else
    1486                 :      40076 :                 inode->i_state &= ~I_DIRTY_TIME_EXPIRED;
    1487                 :      40076 :         inode->i_state &= ~dirty;
    1488                 :            : 
    1489                 :            :         /*
    1490                 :            :          * Paired with smp_mb() in __mark_inode_dirty().  This allows
    1491                 :            :          * __mark_inode_dirty() to test i_state without grabbing i_lock -
    1492                 :            :          * either they see the I_DIRTY bits cleared or we see the dirtied
    1493                 :            :          * inode.
    1494                 :            :          *
    1495                 :            :          * I_DIRTY_PAGES is always cleared together above even if @mapping
    1496                 :            :          * still has dirty pages.  The flag is reinstated after smp_mb() if
    1497                 :            :          * necessary.  This guarantees that either __mark_inode_dirty()
    1498                 :            :          * sees clear I_DIRTY_PAGES or we see PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY.
    1499                 :            :          */
    1500                 :      40076 :         smp_mb();
    1501                 :            : 
    1502         [ +  + ]:      40076 :         if (mapping_tagged(mapping, PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY))
    1503                 :        432 :                 inode->i_state |= I_DIRTY_PAGES;
    1504                 :            : 
    1505                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1506                 :            : 
    1507         [ -  + ]:      40076 :         if (dirty & I_DIRTY_TIME)
    1508                 :            :                 mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
    1509                 :            :         /* Don't write the inode if only I_DIRTY_PAGES was set */
    1510         [ +  + ]:      40076 :         if (dirty & ~I_DIRTY_PAGES) {
    1511                 :      38560 :                 int err = write_inode(inode, wbc);
    1512         [ +  - ]:      38560 :                 if (ret == 0)
    1513                 :            :                         ret = err;
    1514                 :            :         }
    1515                 :      40076 :         trace_writeback_single_inode(inode, wbc, nr_to_write);
    1516                 :      40076 :         return ret;
    1517                 :            : }
    1518                 :            : 
    1519                 :            : /*
    1520                 :            :  * Write out an inode's dirty pages. Either the caller has an active reference
    1521                 :            :  * on the inode or the inode has I_WILL_FREE set.
    1522                 :            :  *
    1523                 :            :  * This function is designed to be called for writing back one inode which
    1524                 :            :  * we go e.g. from filesystem. Flusher thread uses __writeback_single_inode()
    1525                 :            :  * and does more profound writeback list handling in writeback_sb_inodes().
    1526                 :            :  */
    1527                 :          0 : static int writeback_single_inode(struct inode *inode,
    1528                 :            :                                   struct writeback_control *wbc)
    1529                 :            : {
    1530                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
    1531                 :            :         int ret = 0;
    1532                 :            : 
    1533                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1534         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!atomic_read(&inode->i_count))
    1535         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & (I_WILL_FREE|I_FREEING)));
    1536                 :            :         else
    1537         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_WILL_FREE);
    1538                 :            : 
    1539         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (inode->i_state & I_SYNC) {
    1540         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_ALL)
    1541                 :            :                         goto out;
    1542                 :            :                 /*
    1543                 :            :                  * It's a data-integrity sync. We must wait. Since callers hold
    1544                 :            :                  * inode reference or inode has I_WILL_FREE set, it cannot go
    1545                 :            :                  * away under us.
    1546                 :            :                  */
    1547                 :          0 :                 __inode_wait_for_writeback(inode);
    1548                 :            :         }
    1549         [ #  # ]:          0 :         WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_SYNC);
    1550                 :            :         /*
    1551                 :            :          * Skip inode if it is clean and we have no outstanding writeback in
    1552                 :            :          * WB_SYNC_ALL mode. We don't want to mess with writeback lists in this
    1553                 :            :          * function since flusher thread may be doing for example sync in
    1554                 :            :          * parallel and if we move the inode, it could get skipped. So here we
    1555                 :            :          * make sure inode is on some writeback list and leave it there unless
    1556                 :            :          * we have completely cleaned the inode.
    1557                 :            :          */
    1558   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :         if (!(inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_ALL) &&
    1559         [ #  # ]:          0 :             (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_ALL ||
    1560                 :          0 :              !mapping_tagged(inode->i_mapping, PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK)))
    1561                 :            :                 goto out;
    1562                 :          0 :         inode->i_state |= I_SYNC;
    1563                 :          0 :         wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode(wbc, inode);
    1564                 :            : 
    1565                 :          0 :         ret = __writeback_single_inode(inode, wbc);
    1566                 :            : 
    1567                 :          0 :         wbc_detach_inode(wbc);
    1568                 :            : 
    1569                 :            :         wb = inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(inode);
    1570                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1571                 :            :         /*
    1572                 :            :          * If inode is clean, remove it from writeback lists. Otherwise don't
    1573                 :            :          * touch it. See comment above for explanation.
    1574                 :            :          */
    1575         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!(inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_ALL))
    1576                 :          0 :                 inode_io_list_del_locked(inode, wb);
    1577                 :            :         spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    1578                 :          0 :         inode_sync_complete(inode);
    1579                 :            : out:
    1580                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1581                 :          0 :         return ret;
    1582                 :            : }
    1583                 :            : 
    1584                 :            : static long writeback_chunk_size(struct bdi_writeback *wb,
    1585                 :            :                                  struct wb_writeback_work *work)
    1586                 :            : {
    1587                 :            :         long pages;
    1588                 :            : 
    1589                 :            :         /*
    1590                 :            :          * WB_SYNC_ALL mode does livelock avoidance by syncing dirty
    1591                 :            :          * inodes/pages in one big loop. Setting wbc.nr_to_write=LONG_MAX
    1592                 :            :          * here avoids calling into writeback_inodes_wb() more than once.
    1593                 :            :          *
    1594                 :            :          * The intended call sequence for WB_SYNC_ALL writeback is:
    1595                 :            :          *
    1596                 :            :          *      wb_writeback()
    1597                 :            :          *          writeback_sb_inodes()       <== called only once
    1598                 :            :          *              write_cache_pages()     <== called once for each inode
    1599                 :            :          *                   (quickly) tag currently dirty pages
    1600                 :            :          *                   (maybe slowly) sync all tagged pages
    1601                 :            :          */
    1602   [ +  +  +  - ]:      40076 :         if (work->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL || work->tagged_writepages)
    1603                 :            :                 pages = LONG_MAX;
    1604                 :            :         else {
    1605                 :      35549 :                 pages = min(wb->avg_write_bandwidth / 2,
    1606                 :            :                             global_wb_domain.dirty_limit / DIRTY_SCOPE);
    1607                 :      35549 :                 pages = min(pages, work->nr_pages);
    1608                 :      35549 :                 pages = round_down(pages + MIN_WRITEBACK_PAGES,
    1609                 :            :                                    MIN_WRITEBACK_PAGES);
    1610                 :            :         }
    1611                 :            : 
    1612                 :            :         return pages;
    1613                 :            : }
    1614                 :            : 
    1615                 :            : /*
    1616                 :            :  * Write a portion of b_io inodes which belong to @sb.
    1617                 :            :  *
    1618                 :            :  * Return the number of pages and/or inodes written.
    1619                 :            :  *
    1620                 :            :  * NOTE! This is called with wb->list_lock held, and will
    1621                 :            :  * unlock and relock that for each inode it ends up doing
    1622                 :            :  * IO for.
    1623                 :            :  */
    1624                 :       2784 : static long writeback_sb_inodes(struct super_block *sb,
    1625                 :            :                                 struct bdi_writeback *wb,
    1626                 :            :                                 struct wb_writeback_work *work)
    1627                 :            : {
    1628                 :      19488 :         struct writeback_control wbc = {
    1629                 :       2784 :                 .sync_mode              = work->sync_mode,
    1630                 :       2784 :                 .tagged_writepages      = work->tagged_writepages,
    1631                 :       2784 :                 .for_kupdate            = work->for_kupdate,
    1632                 :       2784 :                 .for_background         = work->for_background,
    1633                 :       2784 :                 .for_sync               = work->for_sync,
    1634                 :       2784 :                 .range_cyclic           = work->range_cyclic,
    1635                 :            :                 .range_start            = 0,
    1636                 :            :                 .range_end              = LLONG_MAX,
    1637                 :            :         };
    1638                 :       2784 :         unsigned long start_time = jiffies;
    1639                 :            :         long write_chunk;
    1640                 :            :         long wrote = 0;  /* count both pages and inodes */
    1641                 :            : 
    1642         [ +  + ]:      90198 :         while (!list_empty(&wb->b_io)) {
    1643                 :      41735 :                 struct inode *inode = wb_inode(wb->b_io.prev);
    1644                 :            :                 struct bdi_writeback *tmp_wb;
    1645                 :            : 
    1646         [ +  + ]:      41735 :                 if (inode->i_sb != sb) {
    1647         [ +  + ]:       1659 :                         if (work->sb) {
    1648                 :            :                                 /*
    1649                 :            :                                  * We only want to write back data for this
    1650                 :            :                                  * superblock, move all inodes not belonging
    1651                 :            :                                  * to it back onto the dirty list.
    1652                 :            :                                  */
    1653                 :        882 :                                 redirty_tail(inode, wb);
    1654                 :        882 :                                 continue;
    1655                 :            :                         }
    1656                 :            : 
    1657                 :            :                         /*
    1658                 :            :                          * The inode belongs to a different superblock.
    1659                 :            :                          * Bounce back to the caller to unpin this and
    1660                 :            :                          * pin the next superblock.
    1661                 :            :                          */
    1662                 :            :                         break;
    1663                 :            :                 }
    1664                 :            : 
    1665                 :            :                 /*
    1666                 :            :                  * Don't bother with new inodes or inodes being freed, first
    1667                 :            :                  * kind does not need periodic writeout yet, and for the latter
    1668                 :            :                  * kind writeout is handled by the freer.
    1669                 :            :                  */
    1670                 :            :                 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1671         [ -  + ]:      40076 :                 if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) {
    1672                 :            :                         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1673                 :          0 :                         redirty_tail(inode, wb);
    1674                 :          0 :                         continue;
    1675                 :            :                 }
    1676   [ -  +  #  # ]:      40076 :                 if ((inode->i_state & I_SYNC) && wbc.sync_mode != WB_SYNC_ALL) {
    1677                 :            :                         /*
    1678                 :            :                          * If this inode is locked for writeback and we are not
    1679                 :            :                          * doing writeback-for-data-integrity, move it to
    1680                 :            :                          * b_more_io so that writeback can proceed with the
    1681                 :            :                          * other inodes on s_io.
    1682                 :            :                          *
    1683                 :            :                          * We'll have another go at writing back this inode
    1684                 :            :                          * when we completed a full scan of b_io.
    1685                 :            :                          */
    1686                 :            :                         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1687                 :            :                         requeue_io(inode, wb);
    1688                 :          0 :                         trace_writeback_sb_inodes_requeue(inode);
    1689                 :          0 :                         continue;
    1690                 :            :                 }
    1691                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    1692                 :            : 
    1693                 :            :                 /*
    1694                 :            :                  * We already requeued the inode if it had I_SYNC set and we
    1695                 :            :                  * are doing WB_SYNC_NONE writeback. So this catches only the
    1696                 :            :                  * WB_SYNC_ALL case.
    1697                 :            :                  */
    1698         [ -  + ]:      40076 :                 if (inode->i_state & I_SYNC) {
    1699                 :            :                         /* Wait for I_SYNC. This function drops i_lock... */
    1700                 :          0 :                         inode_sleep_on_writeback(inode);
    1701                 :            :                         /* Inode may be gone, start again */
    1702                 :            :                         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1703                 :          0 :                         continue;
    1704                 :            :                 }
    1705                 :      40076 :                 inode->i_state |= I_SYNC;
    1706                 :      40076 :                 wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode(&wbc, inode);
    1707                 :            : 
    1708                 :            :                 write_chunk = writeback_chunk_size(wb, work);
    1709                 :      40076 :                 wbc.nr_to_write = write_chunk;
    1710                 :      40076 :                 wbc.pages_skipped = 0;
    1711                 :            : 
    1712                 :            :                 /*
    1713                 :            :                  * We use I_SYNC to pin the inode in memory. While it is set
    1714                 :            :                  * evict_inode() will wait so the inode cannot be freed.
    1715                 :            :                  */
    1716                 :      40076 :                 __writeback_single_inode(inode, &wbc);
    1717                 :            : 
    1718                 :      40076 :                 wbc_detach_inode(&wbc);
    1719                 :      40076 :                 work->nr_pages -= write_chunk - wbc.nr_to_write;
    1720                 :      40076 :                 wrote += write_chunk - wbc.nr_to_write;
    1721                 :            : 
    1722         [ +  + ]:      40076 :                 if (need_resched()) {
    1723                 :            :                         /*
    1724                 :            :                          * We're trying to balance between building up a nice
    1725                 :            :                          * long list of IOs to improve our merge rate, and
    1726                 :            :                          * getting those IOs out quickly for anyone throttling
    1727                 :            :                          * in balance_dirty_pages().  cond_resched() doesn't
    1728                 :            :                          * unplug, so get our IOs out the door before we
    1729                 :            :                          * give up the CPU.
    1730                 :            :                          */
    1731                 :        161 :                         blk_flush_plug(current);
    1732                 :        161 :                         cond_resched();
    1733                 :            :                 }
    1734                 :            : 
    1735                 :            :                 /*
    1736                 :            :                  * Requeue @inode if still dirty.  Be careful as @inode may
    1737                 :            :                  * have been switched to another wb in the meantime.
    1738                 :            :                  */
    1739                 :            :                 tmp_wb = inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(inode);
    1740                 :            :                 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1741         [ +  + ]:      40076 :                 if (!(inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_ALL))
    1742                 :      39643 :                         wrote++;
    1743                 :      40076 :                 requeue_inode(inode, tmp_wb, &wbc);
    1744                 :      40076 :                 inode_sync_complete(inode);
    1745                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    1746                 :            : 
    1747         [ -  + ]:      40076 :                 if (unlikely(tmp_wb != wb)) {
    1748                 :            :                         spin_unlock(&tmp_wb->list_lock);
    1749                 :            :                         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1750                 :            :                 }
    1751                 :            : 
    1752                 :            :                 /*
    1753                 :            :                  * bail out to wb_writeback() often enough to check
    1754                 :            :                  * background threshold and other termination conditions.
    1755                 :            :                  */
    1756         [ +  + ]:      40076 :                 if (wrote) {
    1757         [ +  + ]:      39997 :                         if (time_is_before_jiffies(start_time + HZ / 10UL))
    1758                 :            :                                 break;
    1759         [ +  - ]:      39962 :                         if (work->nr_pages <= 0)
    1760                 :            :                                 break;
    1761                 :            :                 }
    1762                 :            :         }
    1763                 :       2784 :         return wrote;
    1764                 :            : }
    1765                 :            : 
    1766                 :       4916 : static long __writeback_inodes_wb(struct bdi_writeback *wb,
    1767                 :            :                                   struct wb_writeback_work *work)
    1768                 :            : {
    1769                 :       4916 :         unsigned long start_time = jiffies;
    1770                 :            :         long wrote = 0;
    1771                 :            : 
    1772         [ +  + ]:      19458 :         while (!list_empty(&wb->b_io)) {
    1773                 :       2395 :                 struct inode *inode = wb_inode(wb->b_io.prev);
    1774                 :       2395 :                 struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
    1775                 :            : 
    1776         [ -  + ]:       2395 :                 if (!trylock_super(sb)) {
    1777                 :            :                         /*
    1778                 :            :                          * trylock_super() may fail consistently due to
    1779                 :            :                          * s_umount being grabbed by someone else. Don't use
    1780                 :            :                          * requeue_io() to avoid busy retrying the inode/sb.
    1781                 :            :                          */
    1782                 :          0 :                         redirty_tail(inode, wb);
    1783                 :          0 :                         continue;
    1784                 :            :                 }
    1785                 :       2395 :                 wrote += writeback_sb_inodes(sb, wb, work);
    1786                 :       2395 :                 up_read(&sb->s_umount);
    1787                 :            : 
    1788                 :            :                 /* refer to the same tests at the end of writeback_sb_inodes */
    1789         [ +  + ]:       2395 :                 if (wrote) {
    1790         [ +  + ]:       2353 :                         if (time_is_before_jiffies(start_time + HZ / 10UL))
    1791                 :            :                                 break;
    1792         [ +  - ]:       2313 :                         if (work->nr_pages <= 0)
    1793                 :            :                                 break;
    1794                 :            :                 }
    1795                 :            :         }
    1796                 :            :         /* Leave any unwritten inodes on b_io */
    1797                 :       4916 :         return wrote;
    1798                 :            : }
    1799                 :            : 
    1800                 :          0 : static long writeback_inodes_wb(struct bdi_writeback *wb, long nr_pages,
    1801                 :            :                                 enum wb_reason reason)
    1802                 :            : {
    1803                 :          0 :         struct wb_writeback_work work = {
    1804                 :            :                 .nr_pages       = nr_pages,
    1805                 :            :                 .sync_mode      = WB_SYNC_NONE,
    1806                 :            :                 .range_cyclic   = 1,
    1807                 :            :                 .reason         = reason,
    1808                 :            :         };
    1809                 :            :         struct blk_plug plug;
    1810                 :            : 
    1811                 :          0 :         blk_start_plug(&plug);
    1812                 :            :         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1813         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (list_empty(&wb->b_io))
    1814                 :          0 :                 queue_io(wb, &work);
    1815                 :          0 :         __writeback_inodes_wb(wb, &work);
    1816                 :            :         spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    1817                 :          0 :         blk_finish_plug(&plug);
    1818                 :            : 
    1819                 :          0 :         return nr_pages - work.nr_pages;
    1820                 :            : }
    1821                 :            : 
    1822                 :            : /*
    1823                 :            :  * Explicit flushing or periodic writeback of "old" data.
    1824                 :            :  *
    1825                 :            :  * Define "old": the first time one of an inode's pages is dirtied, we mark the
    1826                 :            :  * dirtying-time in the inode's address_space.  So this periodic writeback code
    1827                 :            :  * just walks the superblock inode list, writing back any inodes which are
    1828                 :            :  * older than a specific point in time.
    1829                 :            :  *
    1830                 :            :  * Try to run once per dirty_writeback_interval.  But if a writeback event
    1831                 :            :  * takes longer than a dirty_writeback_interval interval, then leave a
    1832                 :            :  * one-second gap.
    1833                 :            :  *
    1834                 :            :  * older_than_this takes precedence over nr_to_write.  So we'll only write back
    1835                 :            :  * all dirty pages if they are all attached to "old" mappings.
    1836                 :            :  */
    1837                 :       3794 : static long wb_writeback(struct bdi_writeback *wb,
    1838                 :            :                          struct wb_writeback_work *work)
    1839                 :            : {
    1840                 :       3794 :         unsigned long wb_start = jiffies;
    1841                 :       3794 :         long nr_pages = work->nr_pages;
    1842                 :            :         unsigned long oldest_jif;
    1843                 :            :         struct inode *inode;
    1844                 :            :         long progress;
    1845                 :            :         struct blk_plug plug;
    1846                 :            : 
    1847                 :       3794 :         oldest_jif = jiffies;
    1848                 :       3794 :         work->older_than_this = &oldest_jif;
    1849                 :            : 
    1850                 :       3794 :         blk_start_plug(&plug);
    1851                 :            :         spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1852                 :            :         for (;;) {
    1853                 :            :                 /*
    1854                 :            :                  * Stop writeback when nr_pages has been consumed
    1855                 :            :                  */
    1856         [ +  - ]:       5566 :                 if (work->nr_pages <= 0)
    1857                 :            :                         break;
    1858                 :            : 
    1859                 :            :                 /*
    1860                 :            :                  * Background writeout and kupdate-style writeback may
    1861                 :            :                  * run forever. Stop them if there is other work to do
    1862                 :            :                  * so that e.g. sync can proceed. They'll be restarted
    1863                 :            :                  * after the other works are all done.
    1864                 :            :                  */
    1865   [ +  +  +  + ]:      10128 :                 if ((work->for_background || work->for_kupdate) &&
    1866                 :       4562 :                     !list_empty(&wb->work_list))
    1867                 :            :                         break;
    1868                 :            : 
    1869                 :            :                 /*
    1870                 :            :                  * For background writeout, stop when we are below the
    1871                 :            :                  * background dirty threshold
    1872                 :            :                  */
    1873   [ +  +  +  + ]:       5565 :                 if (work->for_background && !wb_over_bg_thresh(wb))
    1874                 :            :                         break;
    1875                 :            : 
    1876                 :            :                 /*
    1877                 :            :                  * Kupdate and background works are special and we want to
    1878                 :            :                  * include all inodes that need writing. Livelock avoidance is
    1879                 :            :                  * handled by these works yielding to any other work so we are
    1880                 :            :                  * safe.
    1881                 :            :                  */
    1882         [ +  + ]:       5305 :                 if (work->for_kupdate) {
    1883                 :       7480 :                         oldest_jif = jiffies -
    1884                 :       3740 :                                 msecs_to_jiffies(dirty_expire_interval * 10);
    1885         [ +  + ]:       1565 :                 } else if (work->for_background)
    1886                 :        561 :                         oldest_jif = jiffies;
    1887                 :            : 
    1888                 :       5305 :                 trace_writeback_start(wb, work);
    1889         [ +  + ]:      10610 :                 if (list_empty(&wb->b_io))
    1890                 :       5286 :                         queue_io(wb, work);
    1891         [ +  + ]:       5305 :                 if (work->sb)
    1892                 :        389 :                         progress = writeback_sb_inodes(work->sb, wb, work);
    1893                 :            :                 else
    1894                 :       4916 :                         progress = __writeback_inodes_wb(wb, work);
    1895                 :       5305 :                 trace_writeback_written(wb, work);
    1896                 :            : 
    1897                 :       5305 :                 wb_update_bandwidth(wb, wb_start);
    1898                 :            : 
    1899                 :            :                 /*
    1900                 :            :                  * Did we write something? Try for more
    1901                 :            :                  *
    1902                 :            :                  * Dirty inodes are moved to b_io for writeback in batches.
    1903                 :            :                  * The completion of the current batch does not necessarily
    1904                 :            :                  * mean the overall work is done. So we keep looping as long
    1905                 :            :                  * as made some progress on cleaning pages or inodes.
    1906                 :            :                  */
    1907         [ +  + ]:       5305 :                 if (progress)
    1908                 :       1772 :                         continue;
    1909                 :            :                 /*
    1910                 :            :                  * No more inodes for IO, bail
    1911                 :            :                  */
    1912         [ -  + ]:       7066 :                 if (list_empty(&wb->b_more_io))
    1913                 :            :                         break;
    1914                 :            :                 /*
    1915                 :            :                  * Nothing written. Wait for some inode to
    1916                 :            :                  * become available for writeback. Otherwise
    1917                 :            :                  * we'll just busyloop.
    1918                 :            :                  */
    1919                 :          0 :                 trace_writeback_wait(wb, work);
    1920                 :          0 :                 inode = wb_inode(wb->b_more_io.prev);
    1921                 :            :                 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    1922                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    1923                 :            :                 /* This function drops i_lock... */
    1924                 :          0 :                 inode_sleep_on_writeback(inode);
    1925                 :            :                 spin_lock(&wb->list_lock);
    1926                 :            :         }
    1927                 :            :         spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    1928                 :       3794 :         blk_finish_plug(&plug);
    1929                 :            : 
    1930                 :       3794 :         return nr_pages - work->nr_pages;
    1931                 :            : }
    1932                 :            : 
    1933                 :            : /*
    1934                 :            :  * Return the next wb_writeback_work struct that hasn't been processed yet.
    1935                 :            :  */
    1936                 :       3539 : static struct wb_writeback_work *get_next_work_item(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    1937                 :            : {
    1938                 :            :         struct wb_writeback_work *work = NULL;
    1939                 :            : 
    1940                 :            :         spin_lock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
    1941         [ +  + ]:       7078 :         if (!list_empty(&wb->work_list)) {
    1942                 :        225 :                 work = list_entry(wb->work_list.next,
    1943                 :            :                                   struct wb_writeback_work, list);
    1944                 :        225 :                 list_del_init(&work->list);
    1945                 :            :         }
    1946                 :            :         spin_unlock_bh(&wb->work_lock);
    1947                 :       3539 :         return work;
    1948                 :            : }
    1949                 :            : 
    1950                 :       3314 : static long wb_check_background_flush(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    1951                 :            : {
    1952         [ +  + ]:       3314 :         if (wb_over_bg_thresh(wb)) {
    1953                 :            : 
    1954                 :        354 :                 struct wb_writeback_work work = {
    1955                 :            :                         .nr_pages       = LONG_MAX,
    1956                 :            :                         .sync_mode      = WB_SYNC_NONE,
    1957                 :            :                         .for_background = 1,
    1958                 :            :                         .range_cyclic   = 1,
    1959                 :            :                         .reason         = WB_REASON_BACKGROUND,
    1960                 :            :                 };
    1961                 :            : 
    1962                 :        354 :                 return wb_writeback(wb, &work);
    1963                 :            :         }
    1964                 :            : 
    1965                 :            :         return 0;
    1966                 :            : }
    1967                 :            : 
    1968                 :       3314 : static long wb_check_old_data_flush(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    1969                 :            : {
    1970                 :            :         unsigned long expired;
    1971                 :            :         long nr_pages;
    1972                 :            : 
    1973                 :            :         /*
    1974                 :            :          * When set to zero, disable periodic writeback
    1975                 :            :          */
    1976         [ +  - ]:       3314 :         if (!dirty_writeback_interval)
    1977                 :            :                 return 0;
    1978                 :            : 
    1979                 :       6628 :         expired = wb->last_old_flush +
    1980                 :       3314 :                         msecs_to_jiffies(dirty_writeback_interval * 10);
    1981         [ +  + ]:       3314 :         if (time_before(jiffies, expired))
    1982                 :            :                 return 0;
    1983                 :            : 
    1984                 :       3008 :         wb->last_old_flush = jiffies;
    1985                 :       3008 :         nr_pages = get_nr_dirty_pages();
    1986                 :            : 
    1987         [ +  - ]:       3008 :         if (nr_pages) {
    1988                 :       3008 :                 struct wb_writeback_work work = {
    1989                 :            :                         .nr_pages       = nr_pages,
    1990                 :            :                         .sync_mode      = WB_SYNC_NONE,
    1991                 :            :                         .for_kupdate    = 1,
    1992                 :            :                         .range_cyclic   = 1,
    1993                 :            :                         .reason         = WB_REASON_PERIODIC,
    1994                 :            :                 };
    1995                 :            : 
    1996                 :       3008 :                 return wb_writeback(wb, &work);
    1997                 :            :         }
    1998                 :            : 
    1999                 :            :         return 0;
    2000                 :            : }
    2001                 :            : 
    2002                 :       3314 : static long wb_check_start_all(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    2003                 :            : {
    2004                 :            :         long nr_pages;
    2005                 :            : 
    2006         [ +  + ]:       3314 :         if (!test_bit(WB_start_all, &wb->state))
    2007                 :            :                 return 0;
    2008                 :            : 
    2009                 :        207 :         nr_pages = get_nr_dirty_pages();
    2010         [ +  - ]:        207 :         if (nr_pages) {
    2011                 :        621 :                 struct wb_writeback_work work = {
    2012                 :        207 :                         .nr_pages       = wb_split_bdi_pages(wb, nr_pages),
    2013                 :            :                         .sync_mode      = WB_SYNC_NONE,
    2014                 :            :                         .range_cyclic   = 1,
    2015                 :        207 :                         .reason         = wb->start_all_reason,
    2016                 :            :                 };
    2017                 :            : 
    2018                 :        207 :                 nr_pages = wb_writeback(wb, &work);
    2019                 :            :         }
    2020                 :            : 
    2021                 :        207 :         clear_bit(WB_start_all, &wb->state);
    2022                 :        207 :         return nr_pages;
    2023                 :            : }
    2024                 :            : 
    2025                 :            : 
    2026                 :            : /*
    2027                 :            :  * Retrieve work items and do the writeback they describe
    2028                 :            :  */
    2029                 :       3314 : static long wb_do_writeback(struct bdi_writeback *wb)
    2030                 :            : {
    2031                 :            :         struct wb_writeback_work *work;
    2032                 :            :         long wrote = 0;
    2033                 :            : 
    2034                 :       3314 :         set_bit(WB_writeback_running, &wb->state);
    2035         [ +  + ]:       6853 :         while ((work = get_next_work_item(wb)) != NULL) {
    2036                 :        225 :                 trace_writeback_exec(wb, work);
    2037                 :        225 :                 wrote += wb_writeback(wb, work);
    2038                 :        225 :                 finish_writeback_work(wb, work);
    2039                 :            :         }
    2040                 :            : 
    2041                 :            :         /*
    2042                 :            :          * Check for a flush-everything request
    2043                 :            :          */
    2044                 :       3314 :         wrote += wb_check_start_all(wb);
    2045                 :            : 
    2046                 :            :         /*
    2047                 :            :          * Check for periodic writeback, kupdated() style
    2048                 :            :          */
    2049                 :       3314 :         wrote += wb_check_old_data_flush(wb);
    2050                 :       3314 :         wrote += wb_check_background_flush(wb);
    2051                 :       3314 :         clear_bit(WB_writeback_running, &wb->state);
    2052                 :            : 
    2053                 :       3314 :         return wrote;
    2054                 :            : }
    2055                 :            : 
    2056                 :            : /*
    2057                 :            :  * Handle writeback of dirty data for the device backed by this bdi. Also
    2058                 :            :  * reschedules periodically and does kupdated style flushing.
    2059                 :            :  */
    2060                 :       3279 : void wb_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
    2061                 :            : {
    2062                 :       3279 :         struct bdi_writeback *wb = container_of(to_delayed_work(work),
    2063                 :            :                                                 struct bdi_writeback, dwork);
    2064                 :            :         long pages_written;
    2065                 :            : 
    2066                 :       3279 :         set_worker_desc("flush-%s", bdi_dev_name(wb->bdi));
    2067                 :       3279 :         current->flags |= PF_SWAPWRITE;
    2068                 :            : 
    2069   [ -  +  #  # ]:       3279 :         if (likely(!current_is_workqueue_rescuer() ||
    2070                 :            :                    !test_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state))) {
    2071                 :            :                 /*
    2072                 :            :                  * The normal path.  Keep writing back @wb until its
    2073                 :            :                  * work_list is empty.  Note that this path is also taken
    2074                 :            :                  * if @wb is shutting down even when we're running off the
    2075                 :            :                  * rescuer as work_list needs to be drained.
    2076                 :            :                  */
    2077                 :            :                 do {
    2078                 :       3314 :                         pages_written = wb_do_writeback(wb);
    2079                 :       3314 :                         trace_writeback_pages_written(pages_written);
    2080         [ +  + ]:       6628 :                 } while (!list_empty(&wb->work_list));
    2081                 :            :         } else {
    2082                 :            :                 /*
    2083                 :            :                  * bdi_wq can't get enough workers and we're running off
    2084                 :            :                  * the emergency worker.  Don't hog it.  Hopefully, 1024 is
    2085                 :            :                  * enough for efficient IO.
    2086                 :            :                  */
    2087                 :          0 :                 pages_written = writeback_inodes_wb(wb, 1024,
    2088                 :            :                                                     WB_REASON_FORKER_THREAD);
    2089                 :          0 :                 trace_writeback_pages_written(pages_written);
    2090                 :            :         }
    2091                 :            : 
    2092         [ -  + ]:       6558 :         if (!list_empty(&wb->work_list))
    2093                 :          0 :                 wb_wakeup(wb);
    2094   [ +  +  +  - ]:       3279 :         else if (wb_has_dirty_io(wb) && dirty_writeback_interval)
    2095                 :       2888 :                 wb_wakeup_delayed(wb);
    2096                 :            : 
    2097                 :       3279 :         current->flags &= ~PF_SWAPWRITE;
    2098                 :       3279 : }
    2099                 :            : 
    2100                 :            : /*
    2101                 :            :  * Start writeback of `nr_pages' pages on this bdi. If `nr_pages' is zero,
    2102                 :            :  * write back the whole world.
    2103                 :            :  */
    2104                 :       5175 : static void __wakeup_flusher_threads_bdi(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
    2105                 :            :                                          enum wb_reason reason)
    2106                 :            : {
    2107                 :            :         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
    2108                 :            : 
    2109         [ +  + ]:       5175 :         if (!bdi_has_dirty_io(bdi))
    2110                 :       5175 :                 return;
    2111                 :            : 
    2112         [ +  + ]:        414 :         list_for_each_entry_rcu(wb, &bdi->wb_list, bdi_node)
    2113                 :        207 :                 wb_start_writeback(wb, reason);
    2114                 :            : }
    2115                 :            : 
    2116                 :          0 : void wakeup_flusher_threads_bdi(struct backing_dev_info *bdi,
    2117                 :            :                                 enum wb_reason reason)
    2118                 :            : {
    2119                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
    2120                 :          0 :         __wakeup_flusher_threads_bdi(bdi, reason);
    2121                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
    2122                 :          0 : }
    2123                 :            : 
    2124                 :            : /*
    2125                 :            :  * Wakeup the flusher threads to start writeback of all currently dirty pages
    2126                 :            :  */
    2127                 :        207 : void wakeup_flusher_threads(enum wb_reason reason)
    2128                 :            : {
    2129                 :            :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi;
    2130                 :            : 
    2131                 :            :         /*
    2132                 :            :          * If we are expecting writeback progress we must submit plugged IO.
    2133                 :            :          */
    2134         [ -  + ]:        414 :         if (blk_needs_flush_plug(current))
    2135                 :            :                 blk_schedule_flush_plug(current);
    2136                 :            : 
    2137                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
    2138         [ +  + ]:       5382 :         list_for_each_entry_rcu(bdi, &bdi_list, bdi_list)
    2139                 :       5175 :                 __wakeup_flusher_threads_bdi(bdi, reason);
    2140                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
    2141                 :        207 : }
    2142                 :            : 
    2143                 :            : /*
    2144                 :            :  * Wake up bdi's periodically to make sure dirtytime inodes gets
    2145                 :            :  * written back periodically.  We deliberately do *not* check the
    2146                 :            :  * b_dirtytime list in wb_has_dirty_io(), since this would cause the
    2147                 :            :  * kernel to be constantly waking up once there are any dirtytime
    2148                 :            :  * inodes on the system.  So instead we define a separate delayed work
    2149                 :            :  * function which gets called much more rarely.  (By default, only
    2150                 :            :  * once every 12 hours.)
    2151                 :            :  *
    2152                 :            :  * If there is any other write activity going on in the file system,
    2153                 :            :  * this function won't be necessary.  But if the only thing that has
    2154                 :            :  * happened on the file system is a dirtytime inode caused by an atime
    2155                 :            :  * update, we need this infrastructure below to make sure that inode
    2156                 :            :  * eventually gets pushed out to disk.
    2157                 :            :  */
    2158                 :            : static void wakeup_dirtytime_writeback(struct work_struct *w);
    2159                 :            : static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(dirtytime_work, wakeup_dirtytime_writeback);
    2160                 :            : 
    2161                 :          0 : static void wakeup_dirtytime_writeback(struct work_struct *w)
    2162                 :            : {
    2163                 :            :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi;
    2164                 :            : 
    2165                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
    2166         [ #  # ]:          0 :         list_for_each_entry_rcu(bdi, &bdi_list, bdi_list) {
    2167                 :            :                 struct bdi_writeback *wb;
    2168                 :            : 
    2169         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 list_for_each_entry_rcu(wb, &bdi->wb_list, bdi_node)
    2170         [ #  # ]:          0 :                         if (!list_empty(&wb->b_dirty_time))
    2171                 :          0 :                                 wb_wakeup(wb);
    2172                 :            :         }
    2173                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
    2174                 :          0 :         schedule_delayed_work(&dirtytime_work, dirtytime_expire_interval * HZ);
    2175                 :          0 : }
    2176                 :            : 
    2177                 :        207 : static int __init start_dirtytime_writeback(void)
    2178                 :            : {
    2179                 :        207 :         schedule_delayed_work(&dirtytime_work, dirtytime_expire_interval * HZ);
    2180                 :        207 :         return 0;
    2181                 :            : }
    2182                 :            : __initcall(start_dirtytime_writeback);
    2183                 :            : 
    2184                 :          0 : int dirtytime_interval_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
    2185                 :            :                                void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
    2186                 :            : {
    2187                 :            :         int ret;
    2188                 :            : 
    2189                 :          0 :         ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
    2190         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (ret == 0 && write)
    2191                 :          0 :                 mod_delayed_work(system_wq, &dirtytime_work, 0);
    2192                 :          0 :         return ret;
    2193                 :            : }
    2194                 :            : 
    2195                 :          0 : static noinline void block_dump___mark_inode_dirty(struct inode *inode)
    2196                 :            : {
    2197   [ #  #  #  # ]:          0 :         if (inode->i_ino || strcmp(inode->i_sb->s_id, "bdev")) {
    2198                 :            :                 struct dentry *dentry;
    2199                 :            :                 const char *name = "?";
    2200                 :            : 
    2201                 :          0 :                 dentry = d_find_alias(inode);
    2202         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (dentry) {
    2203                 :            :                         spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
    2204                 :          0 :                         name = (const char *) dentry->d_name.name;
    2205                 :            :                 }
    2206                 :          0 :                 printk(KERN_DEBUG
    2207                 :            :                        "%s(%d): dirtied inode %lu (%s) on %s\n",
    2208                 :          0 :                        current->comm, task_pid_nr(current), inode->i_ino,
    2209                 :          0 :                        name, inode->i_sb->s_id);
    2210         [ #  # ]:          0 :                 if (dentry) {
    2211                 :            :                         spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
    2212                 :          0 :                         dput(dentry);
    2213                 :            :                 }
    2214                 :            :         }
    2215                 :          0 : }
    2216                 :            : 
    2217                 :            : /**
    2218                 :            :  * __mark_inode_dirty - internal function
    2219                 :            :  *
    2220                 :            :  * @inode: inode to mark
    2221                 :            :  * @flags: what kind of dirty (i.e. I_DIRTY_SYNC)
    2222                 :            :  *
    2223                 :            :  * Mark an inode as dirty. Callers should use mark_inode_dirty or
    2224                 :            :  * mark_inode_dirty_sync.
    2225                 :            :  *
    2226                 :            :  * Put the inode on the super block's dirty list.
    2227                 :            :  *
    2228                 :            :  * CAREFUL! We mark it dirty unconditionally, but move it onto the
    2229                 :            :  * dirty list only if it is hashed or if it refers to a blockdev.
    2230                 :            :  * If it was not hashed, it will never be added to the dirty list
    2231                 :            :  * even if it is later hashed, as it will have been marked dirty already.
    2232                 :            :  *
    2233                 :            :  * In short, make sure you hash any inodes _before_ you start marking
    2234                 :            :  * them dirty.
    2235                 :            :  *
    2236                 :            :  * Note that for blockdevs, inode->dirtied_when represents the dirtying time of
    2237                 :            :  * the block-special inode (/dev/hda1) itself.  And the ->dirtied_when field of
    2238                 :            :  * the kernel-internal blockdev inode represents the dirtying time of the
    2239                 :            :  * blockdev's pages.  This is why for I_DIRTY_PAGES we always use
    2240                 :            :  * page->mapping->host, so the page-dirtying time is recorded in the internal
    2241                 :            :  * blockdev inode.
    2242                 :            :  */
    2243                 :    1375164 : void __mark_inode_dirty(struct inode *inode, int flags)
    2244                 :            : {
    2245                 :    1375164 :         struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
    2246                 :            :         int dirtytime;
    2247                 :            : 
    2248                 :    1375164 :         trace_writeback_mark_inode_dirty(inode, flags);
    2249                 :            : 
    2250                 :            :         /*
    2251                 :            :          * Don't do this for I_DIRTY_PAGES - that doesn't actually
    2252                 :            :          * dirty the inode itself
    2253                 :            :          */
    2254         [ +  + ]:    1376114 :         if (flags & (I_DIRTY_INODE | I_DIRTY_TIME)) {
    2255                 :    1150646 :                 trace_writeback_dirty_inode_start(inode, flags);
    2256                 :            : 
    2257         [ +  + ]:    1150219 :                 if (sb->s_op->dirty_inode)
    2258                 :     580772 :                         sb->s_op->dirty_inode(inode, flags);
    2259                 :            : 
    2260                 :    1150233 :                 trace_writeback_dirty_inode(inode, flags);
    2261                 :            :         }
    2262         [ +  + ]:    1375344 :         if (flags & I_DIRTY_INODE)
    2263                 :    1150420 :                 flags &= ~I_DIRTY_TIME;
    2264                 :    1375344 :         dirtytime = flags & I_DIRTY_TIME;
    2265                 :            : 
    2266                 :            :         /*
    2267                 :            :          * Paired with smp_mb() in __writeback_single_inode() for the
    2268                 :            :          * following lockless i_state test.  See there for details.
    2269                 :            :          */
    2270                 :    1375344 :         smp_mb();
    2271                 :            : 
    2272   [ +  +  -  + ]:    1375715 :         if (((inode->i_state & flags) == flags) ||
    2273         [ #  # ]:          0 :             (dirtytime && (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_INODE)))
    2274                 :            :                 return;
    2275                 :            : 
    2276         [ -  + ]:     521241 :         if (unlikely(block_dump))
    2277                 :          0 :                 block_dump___mark_inode_dirty(inode);
    2278                 :            : 
    2279                 :            :         spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    2280   [ -  +  #  # ]:     521434 :         if (dirtytime && (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_INODE))
    2281                 :            :                 goto out_unlock_inode;
    2282         [ +  + ]:     521181 :         if ((inode->i_state & flags) != flags) {
    2283                 :     521012 :                 const int was_dirty = inode->i_state & I_DIRTY;
    2284                 :            : 
    2285                 :            :                 inode_attach_wb(inode, NULL);
    2286                 :            : 
    2287         [ +  + ]:     521008 :                 if (flags & I_DIRTY_INODE)
    2288                 :     445374 :                         inode->i_state &= ~I_DIRTY_TIME;
    2289                 :     521008 :                 inode->i_state |= flags;
    2290                 :            : 
    2291                 :            :                 /*
    2292                 :            :                  * If the inode is being synced, just update its dirty state.
    2293                 :            :                  * The unlocker will place the inode on the appropriate
    2294                 :            :                  * superblock list, based upon its state.
    2295                 :            :                  */
    2296         [ +  + ]:     521008 :                 if (inode->i_state & I_SYNC)
    2297                 :            :                         goto out_unlock_inode;
    2298                 :            : 
    2299                 :            :                 /*
    2300                 :            :                  * Only add valid (hashed) inodes to the superblock's
    2301                 :            :                  * dirty list.  Add blockdev inodes as well.
    2302                 :            :                  */
    2303         [ +  + ]:     521004 :                 if (!S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) {
    2304         [ +  + ]:     515897 :                         if (inode_unhashed(inode))
    2305                 :            :                                 goto out_unlock_inode;
    2306                 :            :                 }
    2307         [ +  + ]:     394065 :                 if (inode->i_state & I_FREEING)
    2308                 :            :                         goto out_unlock_inode;
    2309                 :            : 
    2310                 :            :                 /*
    2311                 :            :                  * If the inode was already on b_dirty/b_io/b_more_io, don't
    2312                 :            :                  * reposition it (that would break b_dirty time-ordering).
    2313                 :            :                  */
    2314         [ +  + ]:     391708 :                 if (!was_dirty) {
    2315                 :            :                         struct bdi_writeback *wb;
    2316                 :            :                         struct list_head *dirty_list;
    2317                 :            :                         bool wakeup_bdi = false;
    2318                 :            : 
    2319                 :     246853 :                         wb = locked_inode_to_wb_and_lock_list(inode);
    2320                 :            : 
    2321   [ +  +  +  -  :     618280 :                         WARN(bdi_cap_writeback_dirty(wb->bdi) &&
                   -  + ]
    2322                 :            :                              !test_bit(WB_registered, &wb->state),
    2323                 :            :                              "bdi-%s not registered\n", wb->bdi->name);
    2324                 :            : 
    2325                 :     246854 :                         inode->dirtied_when = jiffies;
    2326         [ -  + ]:     246854 :                         if (dirtytime)
    2327                 :          0 :                                 inode->dirtied_time_when = jiffies;
    2328                 :            : 
    2329         [ +  - ]:     246854 :                         if (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY)
    2330                 :     246854 :                                 dirty_list = &wb->b_dirty;
    2331                 :            :                         else
    2332                 :          0 :                                 dirty_list = &wb->b_dirty_time;
    2333                 :            : 
    2334                 :     246854 :                         wakeup_bdi = inode_io_list_move_locked(inode, wb,
    2335                 :            :                                                                dirty_list);
    2336                 :            : 
    2337                 :            :                         spin_unlock(&wb->list_lock);
    2338                 :     246854 :                         trace_writeback_dirty_inode_enqueue(inode);
    2339                 :            : 
    2340                 :            :                         /*
    2341                 :            :                          * If this is the first dirty inode for this bdi,
    2342                 :            :                          * we have to wake-up the corresponding bdi thread
    2343                 :            :                          * to make sure background write-back happens
    2344                 :            :                          * later.
    2345                 :            :                          */
    2346   [ +  +  +  + ]:     493696 :                         if (bdi_cap_writeback_dirty(wb->bdi) && wakeup_bdi)
    2347                 :        581 :                                 wb_wakeup_delayed(wb);
    2348                 :            :                         return;
    2349                 :            :                 }
    2350                 :            :         }
    2351                 :            : out_unlock_inode:
    2352                 :            :         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    2353                 :            : }
    2354                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mark_inode_dirty);
    2355                 :            : 
    2356                 :            : /*
    2357                 :            :  * The @s_sync_lock is used to serialise concurrent sync operations
    2358                 :            :  * to avoid lock contention problems with concurrent wait_sb_inodes() calls.
    2359                 :            :  * Concurrent callers will block on the s_sync_lock rather than doing contending
    2360                 :            :  * walks. The queueing maintains sync(2) required behaviour as all the IO that
    2361                 :            :  * has been issued up to the time this function is enter is guaranteed to be
    2362                 :            :  * completed by the time we have gained the lock and waited for all IO that is
    2363                 :            :  * in progress regardless of the order callers are granted the lock.
    2364                 :            :  */
    2365                 :        414 : static void wait_sb_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
    2366                 :            : {
    2367                 :        414 :         LIST_HEAD(sync_list);
    2368                 :            : 
    2369                 :            :         /*
    2370                 :            :          * We need to be protected against the filesystem going from
    2371                 :            :          * r/o to r/w or vice versa.
    2372                 :            :          */
    2373         [ -  + ]:        414 :         WARN_ON(!rwsem_is_locked(&sb->s_umount));
    2374                 :            : 
    2375                 :        414 :         mutex_lock(&sb->s_sync_lock);
    2376                 :            : 
    2377                 :            :         /*
    2378                 :            :          * Splice the writeback list onto a temporary list to avoid waiting on
    2379                 :            :          * inodes that have started writeback after this point.
    2380                 :            :          *
    2381                 :            :          * Use rcu_read_lock() to keep the inodes around until we have a
    2382                 :            :          * reference. s_inode_wblist_lock protects sb->s_inodes_wb as well as
    2383                 :            :          * the local list because inodes can be dropped from either by writeback
    2384                 :            :          * completion.
    2385                 :            :          */
    2386                 :            :         rcu_read_lock();
    2387                 :            :         spin_lock_irq(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock);
    2388                 :        414 :         list_splice_init(&sb->s_inodes_wb, &sync_list);
    2389                 :            : 
    2390                 :            :         /*
    2391                 :            :          * Data integrity sync. Must wait for all pages under writeback, because
    2392                 :            :          * there may have been pages dirtied before our sync call, but which had
    2393                 :            :          * writeout started before we write it out.  In which case, the inode
    2394                 :            :          * may not be on the dirty list, but we still have to wait for that
    2395                 :            :          * writeout.
    2396                 :            :          */
    2397         [ +  + ]:       1386 :         while (!list_empty(&sync_list)) {
    2398                 :        972 :                 struct inode *inode = list_first_entry(&sync_list, struct inode,
    2399                 :            :                                                        i_wb_list);
    2400                 :        972 :                 struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
    2401                 :            : 
    2402                 :            :                 /*
    2403                 :            :                  * Move each inode back to the wb list before we drop the lock
    2404                 :            :                  * to preserve consistency between i_wb_list and the mapping
    2405                 :            :                  * writeback tag. Writeback completion is responsible to remove
    2406                 :            :                  * the inode from either list once the writeback tag is cleared.
    2407                 :            :                  */
    2408                 :        972 :                 list_move_tail(&inode->i_wb_list, &sb->s_inodes_wb);
    2409                 :            : 
    2410                 :            :                 /*
    2411                 :            :                  * The mapping can appear untagged while still on-list since we
    2412                 :            :                  * do not have the mapping lock. Skip it here, wb completion
    2413                 :            :                  * will remove it.
    2414                 :            :                  */
    2415         [ +  + ]:        972 :                 if (!mapping_tagged(mapping, PAGECACHE_TAG_WRITEBACK))
    2416                 :          1 :                         continue;
    2417                 :            : 
    2418                 :            :                 spin_unlock_irq(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock);
    2419                 :            : 
    2420                 :            :                 spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
    2421         [ -  + ]:        971 :                 if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE|I_NEW)) {
    2422                 :            :                         spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    2423                 :            : 
    2424                 :            :                         spin_lock_irq(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock);
    2425                 :          0 :                         continue;
    2426                 :            :                 }
    2427                 :        971 :                 __iget(inode);
    2428                 :            :                 spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
    2429                 :            :                 rcu_read_unlock();
    2430                 :            : 
    2431                 :            :                 /*
    2432                 :            :                  * We keep the error status of individual mapping so that
    2433                 :            :                  * applications can catch the writeback error using fsync(2).
    2434                 :            :                  * See filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors() for details.
    2435                 :            :                  */
    2436                 :        971 :                 filemap_fdatawait_keep_errors(mapping);
    2437                 :            : 
    2438                 :        971 :                 cond_resched();
    2439                 :            : 
    2440                 :        971 :                 iput(inode);
    2441                 :            : 
    2442                 :            :                 rcu_read_lock();
    2443                 :            :                 spin_lock_irq(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock);
    2444                 :            :         }
    2445                 :            :         spin_unlock_irq(&sb->s_inode_wblist_lock);
    2446                 :            :         rcu_read_unlock();
    2447                 :        414 :         mutex_unlock(&sb->s_sync_lock);
    2448                 :        414 : }
    2449                 :            : 
    2450                 :        416 : static void __writeback_inodes_sb_nr(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long nr,
    2451                 :            :                                      enum wb_reason reason, bool skip_if_busy)
    2452                 :            : {
    2453                 :        416 :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = sb->s_bdi;
    2454                 :        416 :         DEFINE_WB_COMPLETION(done, bdi);
    2455                 :        416 :         struct wb_writeback_work work = {
    2456                 :            :                 .sb                     = sb,
    2457                 :            :                 .sync_mode              = WB_SYNC_NONE,
    2458                 :            :                 .tagged_writepages      = 1,
    2459                 :            :                 .done                   = &done,
    2460                 :            :                 .nr_pages               = nr,
    2461                 :            :                 .reason                 = reason,
    2462                 :            :         };
    2463                 :            : 
    2464   [ +  -  -  + ]:        416 :         if (!bdi_has_dirty_io(bdi) || bdi == &noop_backing_dev_info)
    2465                 :        416 :                 return;
    2466         [ #  # ]:          0 :         WARN_ON(!rwsem_is_locked(&sb->s_umount));
    2467                 :            : 
    2468                 :          0 :         bdi_split_work_to_wbs(sb->s_bdi, &work, skip_if_busy);
    2469                 :          0 :         wb_wait_for_completion(&done);
    2470                 :            : }
    2471                 :            : 
    2472                 :            : /**
    2473                 :            :  * writeback_inodes_sb_nr -     writeback dirty inodes from given super_block
    2474                 :            :  * @sb: the superblock
    2475                 :            :  * @nr: the number of pages to write
    2476                 :            :  * @reason: reason why some writeback work initiated
    2477                 :            :  *
    2478                 :            :  * Start writeback on some inodes on this super_block. No guarantees are made
    2479                 :            :  * on how many (if any) will be written, and this function does not wait
    2480                 :            :  * for IO completion of submitted IO.
    2481                 :            :  */
    2482                 :          0 : void writeback_inodes_sb_nr(struct super_block *sb,
    2483                 :            :                             unsigned long nr,
    2484                 :            :                             enum wb_reason reason)
    2485                 :            : {
    2486                 :        416 :         __writeback_inodes_sb_nr(sb, nr, reason, false);
    2487                 :          0 : }
    2488                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(writeback_inodes_sb_nr);
    2489                 :            : 
    2490                 :            : /**
    2491                 :            :  * writeback_inodes_sb  -       writeback dirty inodes from given super_block
    2492                 :            :  * @sb: the superblock
    2493                 :            :  * @reason: reason why some writeback work was initiated
    2494                 :            :  *
    2495                 :            :  * Start writeback on some inodes on this super_block. No guarantees are made
    2496                 :            :  * on how many (if any) will be written, and this function does not wait
    2497                 :            :  * for IO completion of submitted IO.
    2498                 :            :  */
    2499                 :        416 : void writeback_inodes_sb(struct super_block *sb, enum wb_reason reason)
    2500                 :            : {
    2501                 :        832 :         return writeback_inodes_sb_nr(sb, get_nr_dirty_pages(), reason);
    2502                 :            : }
    2503                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(writeback_inodes_sb);
    2504                 :            : 
    2505                 :            : /**
    2506                 :            :  * try_to_writeback_inodes_sb - try to start writeback if none underway
    2507                 :            :  * @sb: the superblock
    2508                 :            :  * @reason: reason why some writeback work was initiated
    2509                 :            :  *
    2510                 :            :  * Invoke __writeback_inodes_sb_nr if no writeback is currently underway.
    2511                 :            :  */
    2512                 :          0 : void try_to_writeback_inodes_sb(struct super_block *sb, enum wb_reason reason)
    2513                 :            : {
    2514         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!down_read_trylock(&sb->s_umount))
    2515                 :          0 :                 return;
    2516                 :            : 
    2517                 :          0 :         __writeback_inodes_sb_nr(sb, get_nr_dirty_pages(), reason, true);
    2518                 :          0 :         up_read(&sb->s_umount);
    2519                 :            : }
    2520                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(try_to_writeback_inodes_sb);
    2521                 :            : 
    2522                 :            : /**
    2523                 :            :  * sync_inodes_sb       -       sync sb inode pages
    2524                 :            :  * @sb: the superblock
    2525                 :            :  *
    2526                 :            :  * This function writes and waits on any dirty inode belonging to this
    2527                 :            :  * super_block.
    2528                 :            :  */
    2529                 :       8489 : void sync_inodes_sb(struct super_block *sb)
    2530                 :            : {
    2531                 :       8489 :         struct backing_dev_info *bdi = sb->s_bdi;
    2532                 :       8489 :         DEFINE_WB_COMPLETION(done, bdi);
    2533                 :       8489 :         struct wb_writeback_work work = {
    2534                 :            :                 .sb             = sb,
    2535                 :            :                 .sync_mode      = WB_SYNC_ALL,
    2536                 :            :                 .nr_pages       = LONG_MAX,
    2537                 :            :                 .range_cyclic   = 0,
    2538                 :            :                 .done           = &done,
    2539                 :            :                 .reason         = WB_REASON_SYNC,
    2540                 :            :                 .for_sync       = 1,
    2541                 :            :         };
    2542                 :            : 
    2543                 :            :         /*
    2544                 :            :          * Can't skip on !bdi_has_dirty() because we should wait for !dirty
    2545                 :            :          * inodes under writeback and I_DIRTY_TIME inodes ignored by
    2546                 :            :          * bdi_has_dirty() need to be written out too.
    2547                 :            :          */
    2548         [ +  + ]:       8489 :         if (bdi == &noop_backing_dev_info)
    2549                 :       8075 :                 return;
    2550         [ -  + ]:        414 :         WARN_ON(!rwsem_is_locked(&sb->s_umount));
    2551                 :            : 
    2552                 :            :         /* protect against inode wb switch, see inode_switch_wbs_work_fn() */
    2553                 :            :         bdi_down_write_wb_switch_rwsem(bdi);
    2554                 :        414 :         bdi_split_work_to_wbs(bdi, &work, false);
    2555                 :        414 :         wb_wait_for_completion(&done);
    2556                 :            :         bdi_up_write_wb_switch_rwsem(bdi);
    2557                 :            : 
    2558                 :        414 :         wait_sb_inodes(sb);
    2559                 :            : }
    2560                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(sync_inodes_sb);
    2561                 :            : 
    2562                 :            : /**
    2563                 :            :  * write_inode_now      -       write an inode to disk
    2564                 :            :  * @inode: inode to write to disk
    2565                 :            :  * @sync: whether the write should be synchronous or not
    2566                 :            :  *
    2567                 :            :  * This function commits an inode to disk immediately if it is dirty. This is
    2568                 :            :  * primarily needed by knfsd.
    2569                 :            :  *
    2570                 :            :  * The caller must either have a ref on the inode or must have set I_WILL_FREE.
    2571                 :            :  */
    2572                 :          0 : int write_inode_now(struct inode *inode, int sync)
    2573                 :            : {
    2574                 :          0 :         struct writeback_control wbc = {
    2575                 :            :                 .nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
    2576                 :          0 :                 .sync_mode = sync ? WB_SYNC_ALL : WB_SYNC_NONE,
    2577                 :            :                 .range_start = 0,
    2578                 :            :                 .range_end = LLONG_MAX,
    2579                 :            :         };
    2580                 :            : 
    2581         [ #  # ]:          0 :         if (!mapping_cap_writeback_dirty(inode->i_mapping))
    2582                 :          0 :                 wbc.nr_to_write = 0;
    2583                 :            : 
    2584                 :          0 :         might_sleep();
    2585                 :          0 :         return writeback_single_inode(inode, &wbc);
    2586                 :            : }
    2587                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(write_inode_now);
    2588                 :            : 
    2589                 :            : /**
    2590                 :            :  * sync_inode - write an inode and its pages to disk.
    2591                 :            :  * @inode: the inode to sync
    2592                 :            :  * @wbc: controls the writeback mode
    2593                 :            :  *
    2594                 :            :  * sync_inode() will write an inode and its pages to disk.  It will also
    2595                 :            :  * correctly update the inode on its superblock's dirty inode lists and will
    2596                 :            :  * update inode->i_state.
    2597                 :            :  *
    2598                 :            :  * The caller must have a ref on the inode.
    2599                 :            :  */
    2600                 :          0 : int sync_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
    2601                 :            : {
    2602                 :          0 :         return writeback_single_inode(inode, wbc);
    2603                 :            : }
    2604                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(sync_inode);
    2605                 :            : 
    2606                 :            : /**
    2607                 :            :  * sync_inode_metadata - write an inode to disk
    2608                 :            :  * @inode: the inode to sync
    2609                 :            :  * @wait: wait for I/O to complete.
    2610                 :            :  *
    2611                 :            :  * Write an inode to disk and adjust its dirty state after completion.
    2612                 :            :  *
    2613                 :            :  * Note: only writes the actual inode, no associated data or other metadata.
    2614                 :            :  */
    2615                 :          0 : int sync_inode_metadata(struct inode *inode, int wait)
    2616                 :            : {
    2617                 :          0 :         struct writeback_control wbc = {
    2618                 :          0 :                 .sync_mode = wait ? WB_SYNC_ALL : WB_SYNC_NONE,
    2619                 :            :                 .nr_to_write = 0, /* metadata-only */
    2620                 :            :         };
    2621                 :            : 
    2622                 :          0 :         return sync_inode(inode, &wbc);
    2623                 :            : }
    2624                 :            : EXPORT_SYMBOL(sync_inode_metadata);

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